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Comparison of the efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate versus povidone iodine as preoperative skin preparation for the prevention of surgical site infections in clean-contaminated upper abdominal surgeries

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Abstract

Purpose

To compare the efficacy of chlorhexidine-gluconate versus povidone iodine in preoperative skin preparation in the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs) in clean-contaminated upper abdominal surgeries.

Methods

This was a prospective randomized controlled trial conducted on patients undergoing clean-contaminated upper abdominal surgeries. A total of 351 patients 18–70 years old were randomized into two groups; chlorhexidine and povidone iodine skin preparation before surgery.

Results

The incidence of SSIs in the chlorhexidine group was 10.8 %, in comparison to 17.9 % in the povidone iodine group. The odds ratio was 0.6 in favor of chlorhexidine use, but the results were not statistically significant (P = 0.06). In the first postoperative week, SSIs developed in 7 % of patients in the chlorhexidine group and 14.1 % in the povidone iodine group (P = 0.03), and in the second postoperative week, SSIs were present in 4.1 % of the patients in the chlorhexidine group and 4.4 % in the povidone iodine group, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.88).

Conclusions

The incidence of SSIs after clean-contaminated upper abdominal surgeries was lower with the use of chlorhexidine skin preparation than with povidone iodine preparation, although the results were not statistically significant. However, the odds ratio between the two groups favored the use of chlorhexidine over povidone iodine for preventing SSIs.

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Acknowledgments

There were no funding resources for this study.

Conflict of interest

There are no conflicts of interest to declare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Anirudh Srinivas, Lileswar Kaman, Prithivi Raj, Divya Dahiya, Gurpreet Singh & Ra**der Singh

  2. Department of Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Vikas Gautam

  3. Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Bikash Medhi

Authors
  1. Anirudh Srinivas
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  2. Lileswar Kaman
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  3. Prithivi Raj
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  4. Vikas Gautam
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  5. Divya Dahiya
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  6. Gurpreet Singh
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  7. Ra**der Singh
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Correspondence to Lileswar Kaman.

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Srinivas, A., Kaman, L., Raj, P. et al. Comparison of the efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate versus povidone iodine as preoperative skin preparation for the prevention of surgical site infections in clean-contaminated upper abdominal surgeries. Surg Today 45, 1378–1384 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-014-1078-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-014-1078-y

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