Abstract
This study of the urban heat island (UHI) aims to support planning authorities by going beyond the traditional way of urban heat island studies. Therefore, air temperature as well as the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) were applied to take into account the effect of the thermal atmosphere on city dwellers. The analysis of the urban heat island phenomenon of Stuttgart, Germany, includes a long-term frequency analysis using data of four urban and one rural meteorological stations. A (high resolution map) of the UHI intensity and PET was created using stepwise multiple linear regression based on data of car traverses as well as spatial data. The mapped conditions were classified according to the long-term frequency analysis. Regarding climate change, the need for adaptation measures as urban greening is obvious. Therefore, a spatial analysis of quantification of two scenarios of a chosen study area was done by the application of a micro-scale model. The nocturnal UHI of Stuttgart is during 15 % stronger than 4 K in the city center during summer when daytime heat stress occurs during 40 %. A typical summer condition is mapped using statistical approach to point out the most strained areas in Stuttgart center and west. According to the model results, the increase in number of trees in a chosen area (Olga hospital) can decrease PET by 0.5 K at 22:00 CET but by maximum 27 K at 14:00 CET.
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Acknowledgments
This study is part of the transnational cooperation project within the Central Europe Program ”Development and application of mitigation and adaptation strategies and measures for counteracting the global urban heat island phenomenon.” This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE program co-financed by the ERDF. We thank the Office for Environmental Protection, Section of Urban Climatology of Stuttgart for providing meteorological data of Stuttgart-Schwabenzentrum and the City Surveying Office Stuttgart for the spatial data. We acknowledge the German Weather Service (DWD) for providing the climate data.
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Ketterer, C., Matzarakis, A. Comparison of different methods for the assessment of the urban heat island in Stuttgart, Germany. Int J Biometeorol 59, 1299–1309 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-014-0940-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-014-0940-3