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Flower and early fruit development in a diploid strawberry, Fragaria vesca

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Abstract

The diploid woodland strawberry, Fragaria vesca, is being recognized as a model for the more complex octoploid commercial strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa. F. vesca exhibits a short seed to seed cycle, can be easily transformed by Agrobacteria, and a draft genome sequence has been published. These features, together with its similar flower structure, potentially make F. vesca a good model for studying the flower development of other members of the Rosaceae family, which contains many economically important fruit trees and ornamental plants. To propel F. vesca’s role in genetic and genomic research and to facilitate the study of its reproductive development, we have investigated in detail F. vesca flower and early fruit development using a seventh generation inbred diploid line, Yellow Wonder 5AF7. We present here standardized developmental staging and detailed descriptions of morphological changes associated with flower and early fruit development based on images of hand dissected flowers, histological sections, and scanning electron microscopy. In situ hybridization with the F. vesca AGAMOUS homolog, FvAG, showed expression in young stamen and carpel primordia. This work lays the essential groundwork and standardization for future molecular, genetic, and genomic studies of F. vesca.

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Abbreviations

AG:

AGAMOUS

YW5AF7:

Yellow Wonder 5AF7

H4 × 4:

Hawaii 4 × 4

SEM:

Scanning electron micrograph

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Tim Maugel of the Laboratory for Biological Ultrastructure, University of Maryland, College Park for assistance with SEM, and Heven Sze for use of her microscope. We are also grateful to anonymous reviewers and the editor for helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript. This work was supported by NSF grant MCB0923913 to Z.L. and J.S., the Hokensen graduate fellowship to CH, USDA CRIS project #1275-21000-185-00D and Maryland MAES Hatch Project (MD-CBMG-0525).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, 0229 Bioscience Research Building, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Courtney A. Hollender, Aviva C. Geretz & Zhongchi Liu

  2. Genetic Improvement of Fruit and Vegetables Laboratory, USDA/ARS, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA

    Janet P. Slovin

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  1. Courtney A. Hollender
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  2. Aviva C. Geretz
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  3. Janet P. Slovin
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  4. Zhongchi Liu
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Correspondence to Janet P. Slovin or Zhongchi Liu.

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Hollender, C.A., Geretz, A.C., Slovin, J.P. et al. Flower and early fruit development in a diploid strawberry, Fragaria vesca . Planta 235, 1123–1139 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-011-1562-1

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