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Multi-stage metasomatism of diamondiferous eclogite xenoliths from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, Yakutia, Siberia

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Abstract

The primary garnet (pyrope-almandine)-omphacite (Cpx 1, 6.5–7 wt% Na2O)-sulfide (Fe-Ni-Co mss) assemblage of the two diamondiferous eclogite xenoliths studied (U33/1 and UX/1) experienced two mantle metasomatic events. The metasomatic event I is recorded by the formation of platy phlogopite (~ 10 wt% K2O), prior to incorporation of the xenoliths in the kimberlite. The bulk of the metasomatic alteration, consisting of spongy-textured clinopyroxene (Cpx 2A, 1–3 wt% Na2O), coarser-grained clinopyroxene (Cpx 2B, 2–5 wt% Na2O), pargasitic amphibole (~ 0.8 wt% K2O; 3–3.5 wt% Na2O), kelyphite (Cpx 3, mostly <1 wt% Na2O; and zoned Mg-Fe-Al spinel), sodalite, calcite, K-feldspar, djerfisherite (K5.95Na0.02Fe18.72Ni2.36Co0.01Cu4.08S26Cl ) and a small amount of K-Ca-Fe-Mg glass, is ascribed to the metasomatic event II that occurred also in the upper mantle, but after the xenoliths were incorporated in the kimberlite. A pervasive chloritic alteration (mainly clinochlore + magnetite) that overprints earlier assemblages probably took place in the upper crustal environment. The diamonds are invariably associated with secondary clinopyroxene and chlorite, but the diamonds formed before the entrainment of the xenoliths in the Udachnaya kimberlite.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support for this study was provided by NSF grant EAR 99–09430 (L.A.T.). We are thankful to Allan Patchen at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville for assistance with the electron microprobe analyses, and to William D. Carlson, Richard Ketchum, and Cambria Denison at the University of Texas, Austin for their assistance with the HRXCT data. We also thank Timothy Grove and Mark Schmitz for constructive reviews that resulted in significant improvement of the manuscript.

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  1. Planetary Geosciences Institute, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA

    Kula C. Misra, Mahesh Anand & Lawrence A. Taylor

  2. Institute of Mineralogy and Petrography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630309 , Novosibirsk, Russia

    Nikolai V. Sobolev

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  1. Kula C. Misra
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Misra, K.C., Anand, M., Taylor, L.A. et al. Multi-stage metasomatism of diamondiferous eclogite xenoliths from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe, Yakutia, Siberia. Contrib Mineral Petrol 146, 696–714 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-003-0529-z

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