Abstract
Selective neuronal vulnerability to protein aggregation is found in many neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Understanding the molecular origins of this selective vulnerability is, therefore, of fundamental importance. Tau protein aggregates have been found in Wolframin (WFS1)-expressing excitatory neurons in the entorhinal cortex, one of the earliest affected regions in AD. The role of WFS1 in Tauopathies and its levels in tau pathology-associated neurodegeneration, however, is largely unknown. Here we report that WFS1 deficiency is associated with increased tau pathology and neurodegeneration, whereas overexpression of WFS1 reduces those changes. We also find that WFS1 interacts with tau protein and controls the susceptibility to tau pathology. Furthermore, chronic ER stress and autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP)-associated genes are enriched in WFS1-high excitatory neurons in human AD at early Braak stages. The protein levels of ER stress and autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP)-associated proteins are changed in tau transgenic mice with WFS1 deficiency, while overexpression of WFS1 reverses those changes. This work demonstrates a possible role for WFS1 in the regulation of tau pathology and neurodegeneration via chronic ER stress and the downstream ALP. Our findings provide insights into mechanisms that underpin selective neuronal vulnerability, and for develo** new therapeutics to protect vulnerable neurons in AD.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by awards K01-AG056673, R56-AG066782-01 and R01-AG075092-01 (H.F.) from the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health and the award R01-GM131399 (Q.M.) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. The work was also supported by the award of AARF-17-505009 (H.F.) from the Alzheimer’s Association, the W81XWH1910309 (H.F.) from the Department of Defense, and the 10x Genomics 2021 Neuroscience Challenge award. Neurobehavioral tests were performed in the Department of Neuroscience Rodent Behavioral Core at Ohio State University, which was supported by NINDS P30NS04578. Some images were taken in the Department of Neuroscience Image Core, which was supported by P30 NS104177. The MSD assay was performed by the Clinical Research Center Analytical & Development Lab at The Ohio State University supported by Award Number UL1TR002733 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. We sincerely thank Marc Diamond for sharing the RD-P301S-YFP lentivector and DS9 tau cell line, Peter Davies for providing MC1, PHF1, and DA9 tau antibodies, and University of Tartu for sharing the Wfs1 knockout mice. We also thank Drs. Gail V.W. Johnson, Wai Haung Yu, Eric Klann and Andrea Tedeschi for helpful discussion. We thank the 10x Genomics technical support team for helpful discussions. We also thank Amanda Toland, Pearlly Yan, Tom Liu, Jennifer Mele from the Ohio State University and Amy Wetzel from the Nationwide Children’s Hospital for hel** with the RNA quality control and the sequencing. The RNA quality control was performed at NCI subsidized shared resource supported by The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center and the National Institutes of Health under grant number P30 CA016058. We thank Michael Rose and Rebecca Davis at The Ohio State University for preparing the human brain samples. Human de-identified brain tissues were kindly provided by the Banner Sun Health Research Institute Brain and Body Donation Program, supported by NIH grants U24-NS072026 and P30-AG19610 (TGB), the Arizona Department of Health Services (contract 211002, Arizona Alzheimer’s Research Center), the Arizona Biomedical Research Commission (contracts 4001, 0011, 05-901 and 1001 to the Arizona Parkinson's Disease Consortium) and the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research as well as the Buckeye Brain Bank and the Buckeye Biospecimen Repository at the Ohio State University, and the New York Brain Bank at Columbia University Irving Medical Center supported by the Taub Institute and NIH grants P50AG008702 and P30AG066462. This work used the high-performance computing infrastructure at the Ohio State University.
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HF designed and supervised the study, discussed the results, and wrote the paper. SC, DA, LL, and JL designed and performed experiments and analyzed the data and helped write the paper. YC generated all the pipelines for analyzing the 10 × Genomics Visium datasets. CW performed the single-nucleus RNA-Seq analysis. JF and ONK performed the behavioral tests. CM helped with the imaging data analysis. CNG performed the immuno-electron microscopy. YN, NCHV, and LV took part in the pilot studies. CB and MW helped with the PCR. GES, EB, XEF, LSH, JPV, DWS, and TGB prepared and characterized the human brain samples. T.W. performed the MSD assay. PP, TGB, QM, JK, SK, FU, and KED discussed and edited this paper.
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Chen, S., Acosta, D., Li, L. et al. Wolframin is a novel regulator of tau pathology and neurodegeneration. Acta Neuropathol 143, 547–569 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-022-02417-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-022-02417-4