Abstract
In this paper, as a new application of illusion optics, a nano-optical plasmonic focusing lens structure is proposed to manipulate the light remotely by employing illusion optics theory. Plasmonic nano-optic lenses that enable super-focusing beyond the diffraction limit have been proposed as an alternative to the conventional dielectric-based refractive lenses. In the presence of an illusion device, the electromagnetic plane-waves can penetrate into a metal layer and a clear focus appears. When the illusion device is removed, waves are blocked to transmit through the metal wall. In comparison with conventional methods, our proposed method avoids any physical changes or damages in the original structure. The proposed structure can be realized by isotropic layered materials, using effective medium theory. The special feature of the proposed structure and the device concepts introduced in this work gives it an opportunity to be used as a flexible element in ultrahigh nano-scale integrated circuits for miniaturization and tuning purposes.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00339-014-8692-9/MediaObjects/339_2014_8692_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00339-014-8692-9/MediaObjects/339_2014_8692_Fig2_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00339-014-8692-9/MediaObjects/339_2014_8692_Fig3_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
U. Leonhardt, Optical conformal map**. Science 312, 1777–1780 (2006)
J.B. Pendry, D. Schurg, D.R. Smith, Controlling electromagnetic fields. Science 312, 1780–1782 (2006)
D. Schurig, J.J. Mock, B.J. Justice, S.A. Cummer, J.B. Pendry, A.F. Starr, D.R. Smith, Demonstration of a metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies. Science 314, 977 (2006)
H.Y. Chen, C.T. Chan, Electromagnetic wave manipulation by layered systems using the transformation media concept. Phys. Rev. B. 78, 054204–054209 (2008)
X.J. Wu, Z.F. Lin, H.Y. Chen, C.T. Chan, Transformation optical design of a bending waveguide by use of isotropic materials. Appl. Opt. 48, G101–G105 (2009)
Y. Lai, J. Ng, H. Chen, D. Han, J. **ao, Z.Q. Zhang, C.T. Chan, Illusion optics: the optical transformation of an object into another object. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 253902–253904 (2009)
Z. Liang, X. Li, X. Jiang, Remote control of light behavior by transformation optical devices. Opt. Express 18, 2049–2055 (2010)
M. Schmiele, V.S. Varma, C. Rockstuhl, F. Ledered, Designing optical elements from isotropic materials by using transformation optics. Phys. Rev. A 81, 033837-13 (2010)
X. Zang, C. Jiang, Manipulating the field distribution via optical transformation. Opt. Express 18, 10168–10176 (2010)
B. Popa, S.A. Cummer, Design of layered transformation-optics devices of arbitrary shape. Phys. Rev. A 82, 033837-5 (2010)
T. Chen, S.R. Yu, Design of optical cloaks and illusion devices along a circumferential direction in curvilinear coordinates. J. Appl. Phys. 108, 093106-7 (2010)
C. Li, X. Meng, X. Liu, F. Li, G. Fang, H. Chen, C.T. Chan, Experimental realization of a circuit-based broadband illusion-optics analogue. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 233906 (2010)
C. Li, X. Meng, G. Liu, F. Li, G. Fang, Experimental demonstration of illusion optics with ‘external cloaking’ effects. Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 084104-3 (2011)
T. Li, M. Huang, J. Yang, J. Yu, Y. Lan, Diamond-shaped electromagnetic transparent devices with homogeneous material parameters. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 44, 325102 (2011)
B. Popa, S.A. Cummer, Complex coordinates in transformation optics. Phys. Rev. A 84, 063837 (2011)
W.X. Jiang, T.J. Cui, Radar illusion via metamaterials. Phys. Rev. E 83, 026601 (2011)
Y. Wang, D.H. Zhang, J. Wang, X. Yang, D. Li, Z. Xu, Waveguide devices with homogeneous complementary media. Opt. Lett. 36, 3855 (2011)
T.C. Han, C.W. Qiu, X.H. Tang, Adaptive waveguide bends with homogeneous, nonmagnetic, and isotropic materials. Opt. Lett. 36, 181 (2011)
A. Vakil, N. Engheta, Transformation optics using grapheme. Science 332, 1291–1294 (2011)
K. Yao, X. Jiang, Designing feasible optical devices via conformal map**. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 28, 1037 (2011)
T.C. Han, C.W. Qiu, J.W. Dong, X.H. Tang, S. Zouhdi, Homogeneous and isotropic bends to tunnel waves through multiple different/equal waveguides along arbitrary direction. Opt. Express 19, 13020 (2011)
K. Zhang, F. Meng, Q. Wu, J. Fu, L.W. Li, Waveguide connector constructed by normal layered dielectric materials based on embedded optical transformation. EPL. 99, 47008(6 pp) (2012)
H.R. Shoorian, M.S. Abrishamian, Design of optical switches by illusion optics. J. Opt. 15, 055107 (2013)
T.W. Ebbesen, H.J. Lezec, H.F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, P.A. Wolff, Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays. Nature 391, 667 (1998)
H. Shi, C. Wang, C. Du, X. Luo, X. Dong, H. Gao, Beam manipulating by metallic nano-slits with variant widths. Opt. Express 13, 6815 (2005)
C. Min, P. Wang, X. Jiao, Y. Deng, H. Ming, Beam manipulating by metallic nano-optic lens containing nonlinear media. Opt. Express 15, 9541 (2007)
L. Verslegers, P.B. Catrysse, Z. Yu, J.S. White, E.S. Barnard, M.L. Brongersa, S. Fan, Planar lenses based on nano-scale slit arrays in a metallic film. Nano Lett. 9, 235 (2009)
M. Bahramipanah, M.S. Abrishamian, S.A. Mirtaheri, Beam manipulating by metal-anisotropic-metal plasmonic lenses. J. Opt. 14, 105001 (2012)
Y. Zhao, S.-C.S. Lin, A.A. Nawaz, B. Kiraly, Q. Hao, Y. Liu, T.J. Huang, Beam bending via plasmonic lenses. Opt. Express 18, 23458 (2010)
M. Bahramipanah, S.A. Mirtaheri, M.S. Abrishamian, Electrical beam steering with metal-anisotropic-metal structure. Opt. Lett. 37, 527 (2012)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Margousi, D., Shoorian, H.R. Remote nano-optical beam focusing lens by illusion optics. Appl. Phys. A 117, 505–511 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8692-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8692-9