Abstract
Pseudaminic and legionaminic acids are a subgroup of nonulosonic acids (NulOs) unique to bacterial species. There is a lack of advances in the study of these NulOs due to their complex synthesis and production. Recently, it was seen that “Candidatus Accumulibacter” can produce Pse or Leg analogues as part of its extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In order to employ a “Ca. Accumulibacter” enrichment as production platform for bacterial sialic acids, it is necessary to determine which fractions of the EPS of “Ca. Accumulibacter” contain NulOs and how to enrich and/or isolate them. We extracted the EPS from granules enriched with “Ca. Accumulibcater” and used size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) to separate them into different molecular weight (MW) fractions. This separation resulted in two high molecular weight (> 5500 kDa) fractions dominated by polysaccharides, with a NulO content up to 4 times higher than the extracted EPS. This suggests that NulOs in “Ca. Accumulibacter” are likely located in high molecular weight polysaccharides. Additionally, it was seen that the extracted EPS and the NulO-rich fractions can bind and neutralize histones. This opens the possibility of EPS and NulO-rich fractions as potential source for sepsis treatment drugs.
Key points
• NulOs in “Ca. Accumulibacter” are likely located in high MW polysaccharides
• SEC allows to obtain high MW polysaccharide-rich fractions enriched with NulOs
• EPS and the NulOs-rich fractions are a potential source for sepsis treatment drugs
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The data generated and/or analyzed during the current study are included in this article and its supplementary material. Sequences obtained are deposited under the Bioproject accession number PRJNA887943 in the NCBI database.
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This work is part of the research project “Nature inspired biopolymer nanocomposites towards a cyclic economy” (Nanocycle) funded by the program Closed cycles – Transition to a circular economy (grant no. ALWGK.2016.025) of the Earth and Life Sciences Division of the Dutch Research Council (NWO).
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STM and YL planned the research based on intensive discussions among all the authors. STM and LMC performed most of the laboratory work. MP conducted the mass spectrometry analysis. STM interpreted the data with support of YL, MvL, and YL. STM and YL played major roles in drafting and writing the manuscript with input of DW and MvL. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Tomás-Martínez, S., Chen, L.M., Pabst, M. et al. Enrichment and application of extracellular nonulosonic acids containing polymers of Accumulibacter. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 107, 931–941 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-12326-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-12326-x