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Maximal release of highly bifidogenic soluble dietary fibers from industrial potato pulp by minimal enzymatic treatment

  • Biotechnological Products and Process Engineering
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Abstract

Potato pulp is a poorly utilized, high-volume co-processing product resulting from industrial potato starch manufacturing. Potato pulp mainly consists of the tuber plant cell wall material and is particularly rich in pectin, notably galactan branched rhamnogalacturonan I type pectin which has previously been shown to exhibit promising properties as dietary fiber. The objective of this study was to solubilize dietary fibers from potato pulp by a one-step minimal treatment procedure and evaluate the prebiotic potential of the fibers. Statistically designed experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of enzyme type, dosage, substrate level, incubation time, and temperature on the enzyme catalyzed solubilization to define the optimal minimal enzyme treatment for maximal fiber solubilization. The result was a method that within 1 min released 75% [weight/weight (w/w)] dry matter from 1% (w/w) potato pulp treated with 1.0% (w/w) [enzyme/substrate (E/S)] pectin lyase from Aspergillus nidulans and 1.0% (w/w) E/S polygalacturonase from Aspergillus aculeatus at pH 6.0 and 60 °C. Molecular size fractionation of the solubilized fibers revealed two major fractions: one fraction rich in galacturonic acid of 10–100 kDa indicating mainly homogalacturonan, and a fraction >100 kDa rich in galactose, presumably mainly made up of β-1,4-galactan chains of rhamnogalacturonan I. When fermented in vitro by microbial communities derived from fecal samples from three healthy human volunteers, both of the solubilized fiber fractions were more bifidogenic than fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). Notably the fibers having molecular masses of >100 kDa selectively increased the densities of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. 2–3 times more than FOS.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the employees at Gums and Systems Development, Danisco (Brabrand, Denmark) for the help and supervision during upscaling the dietary fiber release procedure. The authors would like to acknowledge Fungal Genetic Stock Center for the Pichia pastoris clone expressing the pectin lyase gene AN2569.2, the polygalacturonase gene AN4372.2, and the pectin methyl esterase gene AN3390.2 and Lyckeby Stärkelsen (Kristianstad, Sweden) for supplying the potato pulp. This study was supported by the Danish Strategic Research Council’s Committee on Food and Health (FøSu, Center for Biological Production of Dietary Fibres and Prebiotics, no. 2101-06-0067). Financial support from the FOOD Denmark Graduate School, Center for Advanced Food Studies, Denmark, is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for BioProcess Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Building 229, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark

    Lise V. Thomassen, Jørn D. Mikkelsen & Anne S. Meyer

  2. National Food Institute, Division of Microbiology and Risk Assessment, Building D, Technical University of Denmark, 2860, Søborg, Denmark

    Louise K. Vigsnæs & Tine R. Licht

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  1. Lise V. Thomassen
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  2. Louise K. Vigsnæs
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  3. Tine R. Licht
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  4. Jørn D. Mikkelsen
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  5. Anne S. Meyer
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Correspondence to Anne S. Meyer.

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Thomassen, L.V., Vigsnæs, L.K., Licht, T.R. et al. Maximal release of highly bifidogenic soluble dietary fibers from industrial potato pulp by minimal enzymatic treatment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 90, 873–884 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-011-3092-y

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