Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Methoden
Trotz steigender Prävalenz des malignen Melanoms fanden psychoonkologische Aspekte vergleichsweise wenig Beachtung. Ziel der Literatursuche war eine systematische Übersicht über alle publizierten psychoonkologischen Arbeiten zu Patienten mit einem malignen Melanom (MM).
Ergebnisse
Von 31 Studien untersuchen 12 die Lebensqualität bei MM-Patienten, 6 bezogen auf den Verlauf der Therapie. Die meisten Studien liegen aus dem englischsprachigen Raum (USA, UK, AU) vor; wenige Studien kamen aus Deutschland. Die methodische Qualität (Querschnittserhebung, fehlende Rücklaufquote, geringe Fallzahlen) und die Vergleichbarkeit der Studien (heterogene, nicht standardisierte Messverfahren) sind begrenzt.
Schlussfolgerungen
Psychosoziale Merkmale (Krankheitsbewältigung, soziale Unterstützung) haben über das Tumorstadium hinaus einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Lebensqualität. Ermutigende Ergebnisse finden sich zur Psychotherapie von MM-Patienten. Angesichts der insgesamt guten Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit des MM sind Lebensqualität und Betreuungsbedarf von langzeitüberlebenden Patienten zu bestimmen.
Abstract
Background and Methods
Despite the increasing prevalence of malignant melanoma, psychosocial aspects have found little attention. A systematic review was conducted in order to identify psycho-oncological articles on patients with malignant melanoma.
Results
Out of a total of 31 studies, 12 examine quality of life in malignant melanoma patients and 6 studies monitor quality of life in the course of therapy. Most studies originate from English-speaking countries (USA, UK, AU); few German studies have been published. Methodological limitations of the studies include cross-sectional assessment, unreported return rate, small sample sizes and comparability (heterogeneous or non-standardized psychosocial measures).
Conclusions
In addition to the tumor stage, psychosocial characteristics (co** with disease, social support) have a substantial effect on quality of life. Results from psychotherapy trials with malignant melanoma patients are encouraging. Given the overall high survival rates of malignant melanoma, quality of life and needs for care of long-term survivors need to be assessed.
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Beutel, M., Blettner, M., Fischbeck, S. et al. Psychoonkologische Aspekte des malignen Melanoms. Hautarzt 60, 727–734 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-009-1814-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-009-1814-1