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Heutige Möglichkeiten der Telemedizin in der Anästhesiologie

Current capabilities of telemedicine in anaesthesiology

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Zusammenfassung

Die Folgen der demografischen Entwicklung und des relativen Fachkräftemangels stellt das deutsche Gesundheitswesen vor eine Belastungsprobe. Insbesondere in ländlichen Gebieten sind die Effekte auch in der Anästhesiologie zu spüren – Krankenpflegepersonal, Anästhesisten, Intensivmediziner und Notärzte werden mitunter durch Honorarkräfte aus dem In- und Ausland – zumindest zeitweise – unterstützt. Neben der Zunahme der Quantität, d. h. der Behandlungszahlen, steigt, bedingt durch den Fortschritt der medizinischen Forschung, auch die mögliche Qualität der Therapie. Vor diesem Hintergrund wächst der zur Gewährleistung einer optimalen Behandlungsqualität benötigte Bedarf an Ressourcen. Die Auswirkungen sind in allen klinischen Fachdisziplinen einschließlich aller Bereiche der Anästhesiologie zu spüren – insbesondere in strukturschwachen Regionen fehlen mitunter hochspezialisierte Experten. In vielen Fällen sind primär nicht ihre körperliche Anwesenheit bzw. manuellen Fertigkeiten gefragt, sondern ihre Kompetenz und Erfahrung. Vor diesem Hintergrund können telemedizinische Systeme dazu eingesetzt werden, genau diese Lücken sehr effektiv und effizient zu schließen. In den unterschiedlichen Bereichen der Anästhesiologie ist die Anzahl an bisher veröffentlichten wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten verschieden. Für die Anästhesie und die Schmerztherapie sind bislang nur sehr wenige telemedizinische Anwendungen bzw. Konzepte publiziert worden, während in den Bereichen der Teleintensivmedizin und Telenotfallmedizin national und international diverse Forschungsprojekte durchgeführt wurden und zum Teil schon etablierte Systeme vorhanden sind.

Abstract

Because of an ageing population and a relative lack of professionals, the German health system is under great pressure. In rural regions in particular, anesthesiology is also affected − nursing staff, anesthetists, intensive care physicians, and emergency physicians often have to be supported by freelancers from other regions and from abroad − at least periodically. In addition to the increasing number of treatments, the potential quality of therapy is also increasing owing to progress in medical research. Against this background the need for resources is increasing to ensure the optimal quality of treatment. This applies to all clinical disciplines, including all sections of anesthesiology − especially in economically underdeveloped regions where highly qualified experts are lacking. In various cases it is not the physical attendance or manual skills of experts that is primarily requested on-site, but rather their medical expertise and experience. Therefore, telemedicine systems are suitable for closing these gaps very effectively and efficiently. In the various anesthesiological sub-sections the number of scientific papers published to date varies. For anesthesia and pain therapy only a few telemedical applications or concepts have been reported in the literature. However, in tele-intensive care medicine and tele-emergency medicine several national and international research projects have successfully been carried out, leading to established routine systems in some cases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Uniklinik der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland

    M. Czaplik,  N. Hochhausen,  S.K. Beckers &  R. Rossaint

  2. Notaufnahme, Uniklinik der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland

    J. Brokmann

  3. Berufsfeuerwehr Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland

    S.K. Beckers

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  1. M. Czaplik
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  4. S.K. Beckers
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  5. R. Rossaint
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Correspondence to M. Czaplik.

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Interessenskonflikte

M. Czaplik, J. Brokmann, und R. Rossaint weisen auf folgende Beziehungen hin. Sie sind Gesellschafter der Docs in Clouds GmbH, Telemedical Service und Consulting, in Aachen und somit mittelbar an der Weiterentwicklung und dem Betrieb des Telenotarzt-Systems in Aachen beteiligt. M. Czaplik ist zusätzlich Geschäftsführer der P3 telehealthcare GmbH in Aachen, dem Betreiber des Telenotarzt-Systems im kommunalen Rettungsdienst der Stadt Aachen.

N. Hochhausen und S.K. Beckers geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

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Czaplik, M., Brokmann, J., Hochhausen, N. et al. Heutige Möglichkeiten der Telemedizin in der Anästhesiologie. Anaesthesist 64, 183–189 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-015-0012-z

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