Summary
Salt-stress effects were studied on vegetative growth and mineral and carbohydrate contents as well as on the activity of amylases, phosphorylase and invertase of two cotton varieties, Dandara and the more salt-tolerant Giza 45.
Stress reduced growth and increased leaf chloride more in Dandara; it increased leaf cations more in Giza 45. It tended to increase sugar and, to a smaller extent, starch in leaves of both varieties. Sucrose was negatively correlated to invertase activity. Amylolytic activity showed little change, while the marked rise of phosphorylase activity in both varieties was of no correlation with the starch content.
It is suggested that different ion regulation in combination with carbohydrate metabolism contribute to salt tolerance of cotton varieties.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abel G H and MacKenzie A J 1964 Salt tolerance of soybean varieties (Glycine max. L. Merrill) during germination and later growth. Crop Sci. 4, 157–161.
Bernstein L and Hayward H E 1958 Physiology of salt tolerance. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 9, 25–46.
Downton W J S and Hawker J S 1973 Enzymes of starch metabolism in leaves and berries ofVitis vinifera. Phytochemistry 12, 1557–1563.
Flowers T J, Troke P F and Yeo A R 1977 The mechanisms of salt tolerance in halophytes. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 28, 89–121.
Gauch H G and Eaton F M 1942 Effect of saline substrate on hourly levels of carbohydrates and inorganic constituents of barley plants. Plant Physiol. 17, 347–365.
Greenway H and Osmond C B 1972 Salt response of enzymes from species differing in salt tolerance. Plant Physiol. 49, 256–259.
Hawker J S 1980 Invertase from leaves ofPhaseolus vulgaris plants grown on nutrient solutions containing NaCl. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 7, 67–72.
Hawker J S and Walker R R 1978 Effect of sodium chloride on expansion rates and invertase activity of leaves. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 5, 73–80.
Hellebust J A 1976 Osmoregulation. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 27, 485–505.
Huber W, Rustagi P N and Sankhla N 1974 Eco-physiological studies on Indian arid zone plants. III. Effect of sodium chloride and gibberellin on the activity of the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in leaves ofPennisetum typhoides. Oecologia 15, 77–86.
Jakoby B and Laties G G 1971 Bicarbonate fixation and malat compatimentation in relation to salt-induced stoichiometric synthesis of organic acid. Plant Physiol. 47, 525–531.
Jennings D H 1976 The effect of sodium chloride on higher plants. Biol. Rev. 51, 453–486.
Lowry O H, Rosebrough R H, Farr A L and Randall R J 1951 Protein measurement with the Folin phenol-reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265–275.
Mass E V and Hoffman G J 1977 Crop salt tolerance—current assessment. ASCE J. Irrig. Drain. Div. 103, 115–134.
Mass E V and Nieman R H 1978 Physiology of plant tolerance to salinity.In Crop Tolerance to Suboptimal Land Conditions, ed. G A Jung, Chap. 13. Am. Soc. Agron. Spec. Publ. 32, 277–299.
Marschner H, Kylin A and Kuiper P J C 1981 Differences in salt tolerance of three sugar beet genotypes. Physiol. Plant. 51, 234–238.
Matar Y, Doering H W and Marschner H 1975 Auswirkungen von NaCl und Na2SO4 auf Substanzbildung, Mineralstoffgehalt und Inhaltsstoffe bei Spinat und Salat. Z. Pflanzenernaehr. Bodenkd. 138, 295–307.
Nieman R H 1962 Some effects of sodium chloride on growth, photosynthesis and respiration of twelve crop plants. Bot. Gaz. 123, 279–285.
Rains D W 1972 Salt transport by plants in relation to salinity. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 23, 367–388.
Rathert G 1982 Influence of extreme K∶Na ratios and high substrate salinity on plant metabolism of crops differing in salt tolerance. V. Ion-specific salinity effects on invertase in leaves of bushbean and sugarbeet plants. J. Plant Nutr. 5, 97–110.
Rathert G 1982 —. J. Plant Nutr. 5, 183–194.
Rathert G 1982 —. J. Plant Nutr. 5, 1401–1413.
Rathert G and Doering H W 1981 —. J. Plant Nutr. 3, 987–996.
Rathert G and Doering H W 1981 —. J. Plant Nutr. 4, 261–277.
Rathert G, Doering H W and Witt J 1981 —. J. Plant Nutr. 3 967–986.
Rathert G, Doering H W and Witt J 1981 —. J. Plant Nutr. 4, 131–141.
Rush D W and Epstein E 1976 Genotypic response to salinity. Differences between salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant genotypes of the tomato. Plant Physiol. 57, 162–166.
Storey R and WynJones R G 1975 Betaine and choline levels in plants and their relationships to NaCl stress. Plant Sci. Lett. 4, 161–168.
Stewart G R and Lee J A 1974 The role of proline accumulation in halophytes. Planta Berlin 120, 279–289.
Vieweg G H and Fekete M A R de 1972 Die Bedeutung des Glucose-1-phosphates für die Stärkesynthese in den Bündelscheidenzellen vonZea mays. Planta Berlin 104, 257–266.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rathert, G. Effects of high salinity stress on mineral and carbohydrate metabolism of two cotton varieties. Plant Soil 73, 247–256 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02197720
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02197720