Log in

A primate model for acute and late cerebral vasospasm: Angiographic findings

  • Published:
Acta Neurochirurgica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

A subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in the squirrel monkey was produced by injection of blood via a permanently implanted catheter connected to the cisterna magna and a cannula stereotactically inserted into the interpeduncular cistern. Repeated angiographic examinations of the vertebro-basilar and right internal carotid arteries revealed a biphasic vasospasm with a maximal acute spasm at ten minutes and maximal late spasm at six days after blood injection. The present study has shown that a reproducible biphasic vasospasm can be produced in the squirrel monkey and evaluated by repeated angiographic examinations. The model is suitable in the study of basic mechanisms underlying vasospasm in a primate and, due to the size of the animal, autoradiographic evaluation of the cerebral blood flow and metabolism can be performed at an acceptable cost.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (France)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bergvall U, Galera R (1969) Time relationship between subarachnoid haemorrhage, arterial spasm, changes in cerebral circulation and posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Acta Radiol (Diagn) 9: 229–237

    Google Scholar 

  2. Brawley BW, Strandness DE Jr, Kelly WA (1968) The biphasic response of cerebral vasospasm in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage, J Neurosurg 28: 1–8

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Brizzee KR, Dunlap WP (1987) Local brainstem glucose utilization in the squirrel monkey. Brain Res Bull 19: 191–194

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Delgado TJ, Brismar J, Svendgaard NAa (1985) Subarachnoid haemorrhage in the rat: angiography and fluorescence microscopy of the major cerebral arteries. Stroke 16(4): 595–602

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Delgado TJ, Arbab MA-R, Warberg J,et al (1988) The role of vasopressin in acute cerebral vasospasm. Effects on spasm of a vasopressin antagonist or vasopresin antiserum. J Neurosurg 68: 266–273

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Delgado-Zygmunt TJ, Arbab MA-R, Edvinsson L, Jansen I, Svendgaard NAa (1990) Prevention of cerebral vasospasm in the rat by depeltion or inhibition of substance P in conducting vessels. J Neurosurg 72: 917–925

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. duBoulay G, Symon L, Shah S,et al (1972) Cerebral arterial reactivity and spasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Proc Royal Soc Med London 65: 80–82

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ecker A, Riemenschneider PA (1951) Arteriographic demonstration of spasm of the intracranial arteries: with special reference to saccular arterial aneurisms. J Neurosurg 8: 660–667

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Espinosa F, Weir B, Boisvert D,et al (1982) Chronic cerebral vasospasm after large subarachnoid haemorrhage in monkeys. J Neurosurg 57: 224–232

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Espinosa F, Weir B, Overton T,et al (1984) A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial of nimodipine after SAH in monkeys. Part 1: clinical and radiological findings. J Neurosurg 60: 1167–1175

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Fisher CM, Kistler JP, Davis JM (1980) Relation of cerebral vasospasm to subarachnoid haemorrhage visualized by computerized tomographic scanning. Neurosurgery 6: 1–9

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Frazee JG (1982) A primate model of chronic cerebral vasospasm. Stroke 13(5): 612–614

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Frazee JG, Bevan JA, Bevan RD,et al (1985) Effect of diltiazem on experimental chronic cerebral vasoconstriction in the primate. J Neurosurg 62: 912–917

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Gabrielsen TO, Greiz T (1970) Normal size of the internal carotid, middle cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries. Acta Radiol (Diagn) 10: 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  15. Inagawa T, Kamiya K, Matsuda Y (1991) Effect of continuous cisternal drainage on cerebral vasospasm. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 112: 28–36

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kagström E, Greitz T, Hanson J,et al (1966) Changes in cerebral blood flow after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Excerpta Med Int Congr Ser 110: 629–633

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kagström E, Nilsson PE, Svendgaard NAa (1969) Clinical and experimental spasm of the cerebral vessels. Excerpta Med Int Congr Ser 193: 60

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kuwayama A, Zervas NT, Belson R,et al (1972) A model for experimental cerebral arterial spasm. Stroke 3. 49–56

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Mizukami M, Takemae T, Tazawa T,et al (1980) Value of computed tomography in the prediction of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysm rupture. Neurosurgery 7: 583–586

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Nosko M, Weir BKA, Lunt A,et al (1987) Effect of clot removal at 24 hours on chronic vasospasm after SAH in the primate model. J Neurosurg 66: 416–422

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Peerless SJ, Fox AJ, Komatsu S,et al (1982) Angiographic study of vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage in monkeys. Stroke 13(4): 473–479

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Robertson EG (1949) Cerebral lesions due to intracranial aneurysms. Brain 72: 150–185

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sahlin C, Brismar J, Delgado T,et al (1987) Cerebrovascular and metabolic changes during the delayed vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in baboons, and treatment with a calcium antagonist. Brain Res 403: 313–322

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Simeone FA, Ryan KG, Cotter JR (1968) Prolonged experimental cerebral vasospasm. J Neurosurg 29: 357–366

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Simeone FA, Trepper PJ, Brown DJ (1972) Cerebral blood flow evaluation of prolonged experimental vasospasm. J Neurosurg 37: 302–311

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Suzuki J, Komatsu S, Sato T (1980) Correlation between CT findings and subsequent development of cerebral infarction due to vasospasm in subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 55: 63–70

    Google Scholar 

  27. Svendgaard N-A, Brismar J, Delgado T,et al (1983) Late cerebral arterial spasm: the cerebrovascular response to hypercapnia, induced hypertension and the effect of nimodipine on blood flow autoregulation in experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in primates. Gen Pharmac 14: 167–172

    Google Scholar 

  28. Svendgaard N-A, Brismar J, Delgado TJ,et al (1985 a) The effect on the development of cerebral vasospasm in the rat of lesioning of the peripheral and central catecholamine systems. Neurol Res 7: 30–34

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Svendgaard N-A, Brismar J, Delgado TJ,et al (1985 b) Subarachnoid haemorrhage in the rat: effect on the development of vasospasm of selective lesions of the catecholamine systems in the lower brainstem. Stroke 16: 602–608

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Svendgaard N-A, Delgado TJ, Brun A (1986) Effect of selective lesions in the hypothalamic-pituitary region on the development of cerebral vasospasm following an experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabol 6: 650–657

    Google Scholar 

  31. Svendgaard N-A, Arbab MA-R, Delgado TJ,et al (1987) Effect of selective lesions of medullary catecholamine nuclei on experimental cerebral vasospasm in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabol 7: 21–28

    Google Scholar 

  32. Weir B, Grace M, Hansen J,et al (1978) Time course of vasospasm in man. J Neurosurg 48: 173–178

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Yaşargil MG (1984) Microneurosurgery, Vol 1. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 5–53

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Delgado-Zygmunt, T.J., Arbab, M.A.R., Shiokawa, Y. et al. A primate model for acute and late cerebral vasospasm: Angiographic findings. Acta neurochir 118, 130–136 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01401298

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01401298

Keywords

Navigation