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The formation of dough and gluten-a study by scanning electron microscopy

Die Bildung von Teig und Kleber, eine rasterelektronenmikroskopische Studie

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Zusammenfassung

Hydratisierte Weizenmehlpartikel, Teige in verschiedenen Entwicklungsstadien und Kleber wurden mikroskopisch untersucht. In Mehlpartikeln liegt das Protein in Form eines Gerüstwerks aus Proteinsträngen vor, in das die Stärkekörner eingebettet sind. Beim Anteigen haften die Mehlpartikeln über das hydratisierte Protein zusammen. Durch Kneten werden die Proteinstränge des Gerüstwerks gedehnt und zu Filmen auseinandergezogen. Diese Filme bilden im optimal entwickelten Teig und im Kleber übereinanderliegende Schichten und bauen auf diese Weise Membranen auf. Durch Überkneten werden die Filme zerstört und es bildet sich wieder ein Netzwerk. Kleber zeigt dieselben Strukturen wie Teig.

Summary

Hydrated wheat flour particles, doughs in different states of development, and gluten were investigated by microscopical techniques. In flour particles, the protein is present as a framework of protein strands in which the starch granules are embedded. Wetting the flour causes the particles to adhere to each other by means of the hydrated protein. During kneading, the protein strands of the framework are extended and torn apart into films. These films form layers in an optimally developed dough and in gluten and thus build up membranes. Overkneading destroys the films and creates a network again. Gluten exhibit the same structures as dough.

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Amend, T., Belitz, H.D. The formation of dough and gluten-a study by scanning electron microscopy. Z Lebensm Unters Forch 190, 401–409 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01202557

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