Summary
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] chromosomes were analyzed using the chromosome image analyzing system, CHIAS, and seven groups, including subgroups, were identified based on morphological characteristics. Two pairs of chromosomes were conspicuous in their morphological traits. One pair of chromosomes, which had the largest arm ratio among all the chromosomes, was commonly observed in the species in all three subgenera of the genus Glycine. These chromosomes also displayed a unique pattern after N-banding and were detected as marker chromosomes. G. soja, which is considered to be the ancestor of G. max, has two types of marker chromosomes. The lines that carry the same type as G. max may be the ancestors of G. max among the lines of G. soja. The morphological differences of the marker chromosomes within the species in the subgenus Soja are discussed in relation to the domestication process of soybean.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahmad QN, Britten EJ, Byth DE (1983) A quantitative method of karyotypic analysis applied to the soybean, Glycine max. Cytologia 48:879–892
Broich SL, Palmer RG (1980) A cluster analysis of wild and domesticated soybean phenotypes. Euphytica 29:23–32
Buttery BR, Buzzell RI (1976) Flavonol glycoside genes and photosynthesis in soybeans. Crop Sci 16:547–550
Fukui K (1985) Identification of plant chromosomes by image analysis method. The Cell (Tokyo) 17:145–149
Fukui K (1986) Standardization of karyoty** plant chromosomes by a newly developed chromosome image analyzing system (CHIAS). Theor Appl Genet 72:27–32
Fukui K (1988) Analysis and utility of chromosome information by using the chromosome image analyzing system, CHIAS. Bull Natl Inst Agrobiol Resour 4:153–176
Fukui K (1989) Application of image analysis methods in plant chromosome research. In: Hong D (ed) Plant chromosome research 1987. Academia Sinica, Bei**g, pp 195–200
Fukui K, Iijima K (1991) Somatic chromosome map of rice by imaging methods. Theor Appl Genet 81:589–596
Fukui K, Mukai Y (1988) Condensation pattern as a new image parameter for identification of small chromosomes in plants. Jpn J Genet 63:359–366
Fukui K, Matsuno T, Kakeda K (1987) Development of the automatic karyoty** system for barley chromosomes. Barley Genet 5:403–408
Funaki K, Matsui S, Sasaki M (1975) Location of nucleolar organizers in animal and plant chromosomes by means of an improved N-banding technique. Chromosoma 49:357–370
Gurley WB, Hepburn AG, Key JL (1979) Sequence organization of the soybean genome. Biochim Biophys Acta 561:167–183
Hermann FJ (1962) A revision of the genus Glycine and its immediate allies. USDA Tech Bull 1268:1–79
Hymowitz T, Newell CA (1981) Taxonomy of the genus Glycine, domestication and uses of soybeans. Econ Bot 35:272–288
Iijima K, Kakeda K, Fukui K (1991) Identification and characterization of somatic rice chromosomes by imaging methods. Theor Appl Genet 81:597–605
Lackey JA (1980) Chromosome numbers in the Phaseoleae (Fabaceae:Faboideae) and their relation to taxonomy. Am J Bot 67:595–602
Ladizinsky G, Newell CA, Hymowitz T (1979) Giemsa staining of soybean chromosomes. J Hered 70:415–416
Morse WJ (1950) History of soybean production. In: Mareley KS (ed) Soybean and soybean products, vol 1. Interscience Publ. Inc., New York, pp 3–57
Newell CA, Hymowitz T (1983) Hybridization in the genus Glycine subgenus Glycine willd. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae). Am J Bot 70:334–348
Oinuma T (1952) An artificial induced tetraploid soybean as green manure. Jpn J Breed 2:7–13
Palmer RG, Heer H (1973) A root tip squash technique for soybean chromosomes. Crop Sci 13:389–391
Sen NK, Vidyabhusan RV (1960) Tetraploid soybeans. Euphytica 9:317–322
Singh RJ, Hymowitz T (1988) The genomic relationship between Glycine max (L.) Merr. and G. soja Sieb. and Zucc. as revealed by pachytene chromosome analysis. Theor Appl Genet 76:705–711
Skvortzow BV (1927) The soybean-wild and cultivated in Eastern Asia. Proc Manchurian Res Pub Ser A Nat Hist Sec 22:1–8
Ting CL (1946) Genetic studies on the wild and cultivated soybeans. J Am Soc Agric 38:381–393
Verdcourt B (1966) A proposal concerning Glycine L. Taxon 15:34–36
Verdcourt B (1970) Studies in the Leguminosae-Papilionoideae for the Flora of Tropical East Africa II. Kew Bull 24:235–307
Wang CL (1976) Review on the classification of soybeans. Acta Phytotaxon Sin 14:22–30
Williams LF (1950) Structure and genetic characteristics of the soybean. In: Mareley KS (ed) Soybean and soybean products, vol 1. Interscience Publ. Inc., New York, pp 111–156
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by F. Mechelke
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yanagisawa, T., Tano, S., Fukui, K. et al. Marker chromosomes commonly observed in the genus Glycine . Theoret. Appl. Genetics 81, 606–612 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00226725
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00226725