Abstract
Sarotherodon mossambicus Peters was exposed to naphthalene concentrations ranging from 7.9 to 0.92 mg/l for periods ranging from 4 days to 10 weeks and changes in glycogen, glucose, pyruvic acid and lactic acid contents of liver and muscle were studied. While glucose levels remained unaffected, major effects could be seen in the other constituents following both lethal and sublethal naphthalene treatment. Whereas glycogen and pyruvic acid levels showed considerable reduction, lactic acid levels increased markedly. These changes are indicative of a metabolic stress leading to a shift to anaerobic metabolism. The effects do not appear to be related to the feeding and growth rates of the naphthalene-intoxicated fish.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson, J. W., Neff, J. M., Cox, B. A., Tatem, H. E. & Hightower, G. M., 1974. Characteristics of dispersions and water-soluble extracts of crude and refined oils and their toxicity to estuarine crustaceans and fish. Mar. Biol. 27: 75–88.
Andreyev, A. A., Kolupayev, V. I. & Karpovich, T. A., 1979. The effect of phenol on oxygen stress on the muscle tissue of the Siberian roach, Rutilus rutilus lacustris. J. Ichthyol. 3: 164–166.
APHA, AWWA and WPCF, 1971. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water, 13th edn. APHA, New York. 874 pp.
Barker, S. B. & Summerson, W. H., 1941. Colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological material. J. biol. Chem. 138: 535–554.
Batty, R. S. & Wardle, C. S., 1979. Restoration of glycogen from lactic acid in the anaerobic swimming muscle of plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L. J. Fish Biol. 15: 509–519.
Beamish, F. W. H., 1966. Muscular fatigue and mortality in haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, caught by otter trawl. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 23: 1507–1521.
Beamish, F. W. H., 1968. Glycogen and lactic acid concentrations in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in relation to exercise. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 25: 837–851.
Bilinski, E. & Jonas, R. E. E., 1973. Effects of cadmium and copper on the oxidation of lactate by rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) gills. J. Fish. res. Bd Can. 30: 1553–1558.
Black, E. C., 1958. Hyperactivity as a lethal factor in fish. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 15: 573–586.
Black, E. C., Connor, A. R., Lam, K. & Chiu, W., 1962. Changes in glycogen, pyruvate and lactate in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) during and following muscular activity. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 19: 409–436.
Blazka, P., 1958. The anaerobic metabolism of fish. Physiol. Zool. 21: 117–128.
Boylan, D. B. & Tripp, B. W., 1971. Determination of hydrocarbons in seawater extracts of crude oil and crude oil fractions. Nature 230: 44–47.
Brocksen, R. W. & Bailey, H. T., 1973. Respiratory response of juvenile chinook salmon and striped bass exposed to benzene, a water-soluble component of crude oil. In: Proc. Joint Conf. on Prevention and Control of Oil Spills, pp. 783–791. Am. Pet. Inst., Environ. Prot. Agency, U.S. Coast Guard, Washington D.C.
Buddenbrock, W. von, 1938. Beobachtungen über das Sterben gefangener Seefische and fiber den Milchsäuregehalt des Fischblutes. Rapp. Cons. int. Expl. Mer. 101 (IV/2): 3–7.
Burton, D. T. Jones, A. H. & Cairns, J., Jr., 1972. Acute zinc toxicity to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): confirmation of the hypothesis that death is related to tissue hypoxia. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 29: 1463–1466.
Dange, A. D., 1979. Some effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on aquatic organisms. Ph.D. thesis, University of Bombay, Bombay.
Dange, A. D. & Masurekar, V. B., 1981. Toluene toxicity: effects of sublethal levels on enzyme activities in seawater adapted tilapia (Sarotherodon mossambicus Peters). J. Biosci. 3: 129–134.
DiMichele, L. & Taylor, M. H., 1978. Histopathological and physiological responses of Fundulus heteroclitus to naphthalene exposure. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 35: 1060–1066.
Friedeman, T. E. & Haugen, G. E., 1943. Pyruvic acid. II. The determination of keto acids in blood and urine. J. biol. Chem. 147: 415–442.
Gardner, G.R., 1975. Chemically induced lesions in estuarine or marine teleosts. In: Ribelin, W. & Migaki, G. (Eds.) The Pathology of Fishes, pp. 657–697. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison.
Helmy, M. M., Lemke, A. E., Jacob, P. G. & Al-Sultan, Y. Y., 1979. Hematological changes in Kuwait mullet, Liza macrolepis (Smith), induced by heavy metals. Indian J. mar. Sci. 8: 278–281.
Huckabee, W. E., 1958. Relationship of pyruvate and lactate during anaerobic metabolism. II. Exercise and formation of O2 debt. J. clin. Invest. 37: 255–263.
Laul, R. T., Pradhan, P. V. & Bhagwat, A. M., 1974. Effect of muscular exercise on glycogen content in Tilapia mossambica (in captivity). J. biol. Sci. 17: 72–77.
Lee, R. F., Sauerheber, R. & Dobbs, G. H., 1972. Uptake, metabolism and discharge of polycyclic aromtic hydrocarbons by marine fish. Mar. Biol. 17: 201–208.
Lloyd, R., 1960. The toxicity of zinc sulphate to rainbow trout. Ann. appl. Biol. 48: 84–94.
Mansuri, A. P. & Pandya, C. H., 1977. Biochemical changes in fin muscles of Tilapia mossambica in relation to size and growth. 1. Glycogen and fat content. Geobios 4: 85–86.
Mazmanidi, N. D. & Kovaleva, G. I., 1975. The effects of dissolved petroleum products on some of the aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in fishes and invertebrates. J. Ichthyol. 15: 811–816.
Montgomery, R., 1957. Determination of glycogen. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 67: 378–386.
Nakano, T. & Tomlinson, N., 1967. Catecholamine and carbohydrate concentrations in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in relation to physical disturbance. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 24: 1701–1715.
Pasanen, S., Vilijanen, M. & Pulkkinen, E., 1979. Stress caused by the ‘mark-recapture’ method to Coregonus albula (L). J. Fish Biol. 14: 597–605.
Pasquare, N. J. & Sotorres, A. M., 1973. o-Toluidine — benzyl alcohol method for glucose determination. Clin. chim. 49: 325–328.
Prior, R. L., 1978. Effect of level of food intake on lactate and acetate metabolism and lipogenesis in vivo in sheep. J. Nutr. 108: 926–935.
Ranganatha Koundinya, R. & Ramamurthi, R., 1978. Effect of sumithion (Fenitrothion) on some selected enzyme systems in the fish Tilapia mossambica (Peters). Indian J. exp. Biol. 16: 809–811.
Roubal, W. T., Collier, T. K. & Malins, D. C., 1977. Accumulation and metabolism of carbon-14 labelled benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene by young coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 5: 513–529.
Secondat, M. & Diaz, D., 1942. Recherches sur la lactacidémie chez le poisson d'eau douce. Comp. rend. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 215: 71–73.
Spiegel, M. R., 1961. Outline of Theory and Problems of Statistics. McGraw-Hill, New York. 359 pp.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dange, A.D., Masurekar, V.B. Naphthalene-induced changes in carbohydrate metabolism in Sarotherodon mossambicus Peters (Pisces: Cichlidae). Hydrobiologia 94, 163–172 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00010896
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00010896