SpringerLink
Log in

Physical Structure, Properties and Quality of Cotton

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Cotton Science and Processing Technology

Part of the book series: Textile Science and Clothing Technology ((TSCT))

Abstract

Cotton is the most important and widespread natural textile fiber in the world. Across 75 countries, the production of cotton crops provides income for more than 250 million people. Approximately half of all textile products are made of cotton in the form of apparel, home textiles, and industrial products. As all agriculture crops, cotton is also dependent on the climate conditions, soil quality, and water in which it is cultivated. All of these factors contribute to the diversity of cotton fiber properties. This chapter covers a wide range of essential segments related to cotton production, its structure, and different quality parameters. Best management practices result in better yield and quality of cotton fiber. This chapter also covers the important aspects of BMPs for cotton fiber cultivation. BCI, the better cotton initiative, is also one of the initiatives to make better sustainable cotton production. To enhance biodiversity and to maintain biological cycles, organic cotton can play an important role. This category of the cotton crop is produced with non-genetically modified plants, and by avoiding the use of any fertilizers or pesticides during its production. Kee** in mind its pivotal role, this chapter has also included the latest advancements in organic cotton.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
EUR 29.95
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 93.08
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 117.69
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
EUR 160.49
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Seagull, R., & Alspaugh, P. (2001). Cotton fiber development and processing. Lubbock-Texas, USA: Cotton Incorporated, International Textile Center, Texas Tech University.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lee, J. A. (1984). Cotton as a world crop. Cotton, 1–25.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Schwarz, I., & Kovačević, S. (2017). Textile application: From need to imagination. In Textiles for advanced applications. IntechOpen:.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Haigler, C. H., Rao, N. R., Roberts, E. M., Huang, J.-Y., Upchurch, D. R., & Trolinder, N. L. (1991). Cultured ovules as models for cotton fiber development under low temperatures. Plant Physiology, 95, 88–96. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.95.1.88.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Walker, M., & Nelson, T. C. (2020). 2020 world cotton outlook: U.S.-China phase 1 implementation and coronavirus bring new uncertainties. National Cotton Council of America: Cordova, Tennessee, February 15, 2020.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Johnson, J., Lanclos, K., MacDonald, S., Meyer, L., & Soley, G. (2020). The world and United States cotton outlook (p. 21). United States Department of Agriculture (USDA): Virginia, USA, Friday, February 21, 2020.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Production and Consumption in Major Countries (2019) ICAC release: Ministry of Textiles, India, August 1, 2019.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Khan, M. A., Wahid, A., Ahmad, M., Tahir, M. T., Ahmed, M., Ahmad, S., et al. (2020). World cotton production and consumption: An overview. In S. Ahmad & M. Hasanuzzaman (Eds.), Cotton production and uses: Agronomy, crop protection, and postharvest technologies (pp. 1–7). Singapore: Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1472-2_1pp.

  9. Zhong, R., Tian, F., Yang, P., & Yi, Q. (2016). Planting and irrigation methods for cotton in southern **njiang, China. Irrigation and Drainage, 65, 461–468.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Smith, C. W., & Cothren, J. T. (1999). Cotton: Origin, history, technology, and production (Vol. 4). John Wiley & Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Han, L.-B., Li, Y.-B., Wang, H.-Y., Wu, X.-M., Li, C.-L., Luo, M., et al. (2013). The dual functions of WLIM1a in cell elongation and secondary wall formation in develo** cotton fibers. Plant Cell, 25, 4421–4438. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.116970.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Mojsov, K. (2012). Microbial cellulases and their applications in textile processing. International Journal of Marketing and Technology (IJMT), 2, 12–29.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Zhang, D.-Y., Zhang, T.-Z., Sang, Z.-Q., & Guo, W.-Z. (2007). Comparative development of lint and fuzz using different cotton fiber-specific developmental mutants in G. hirsutum. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 49, 1038–1046. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1672-9072.2007.00454.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Gipson, J. R., & Ray, L. L. (1969). Fiber elongation rates in five varieties of cotton (G. hirsutum L.) as influenced by night temperature. Crop Science, 9, 339–341. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1969.0011183x000900030027x.

  15. Bauer, P. J., & Bradow, J. M. (1996). Cotton genotype response to early-season cold temperatures. Crop Science, 36, 1602–1606.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Bednarz, C. W., & Nichols, R. L. (2005). Phenological and morphological components of cotton crop maturity. Crop Science, 45, 1497–1503.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hake, K., Kerby, T., Bourland, F., & Jenkins, J. (1990). Plant map** as a management tool. Physiology Today, 1, 1–3.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Peeters, M.-C., Wijsmans, J., De Langhe, I., De Langhe, E., & Waterkeyn, L. (1986). Never dried cotton fibers have a circular cross section. Textile Research Journal, 56, 529–532. https://doi.org/10.1177/004051758605600901.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Memon, H., Khoso, N. A., & Memon, S. (2015). Effect of dyeing parameters on physical properties of fibers and yarns. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Engineering Research, 4, 401.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Halepoto, H., Gong, T., & Kashif, K. (2019). Real-time quality assessment of neppy mélange yarn manufacturing using macropixel analysis. Tekstilec, 62, 242–247. https://doi.org/10.14502/Tekstilec2019.62.242-247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Wang, H., Memon, H., Abro, R., & Shah, A. (2020). Sustainable approach for mélange yarn manufacturers by recycling dyed fibre waste. Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe, 3, 8–22. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.9013.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Wang, H., Farooq, A., & Memon, H. (2020). Influence of cotton fiber properties on the microstructural characteristics of mercerized fibers by regression analysis. Wood and Fiber Science, 52, 13–27. https://doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2020-003.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Knowler, D., & Bradshaw, B. (2007). Farmers’ adoption of conservation agriculture: A review and synthesis of recent research. Food Policy, 32, 25–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2006.01.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Liu, T., Bruins, R. J. F., & Heberling, M. T. (2018). Factors influencing farmers’ adoption of best management practices: A review and synthesis. Sustainability, 10, 432–432. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Townsend, T. (2005). Cotton trading manual, international cotton advisory (Committee ed., p. 55). Cambridge England: Woodhead Publishing Limited, Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Makhdum, A. H., Khan, H., & Ahmad, S. Reducing cotton footprints through implementation of better management practices in cotton production; a step towards Better Cotton Initiative. In Proceedings of Proceedings of the Fifth Meeting of the Asian Cotton Research and Development Network (pp. 23–26). Lahore, Pakistan.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Chouinard, Y., & Brown, M. S. (1997). Going organic: Converting Patagonia’s cotton product line. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 1, 117–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Sanders, J. (2013). Evaluation of the EU legislation on organic farming.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Ha‐Brookshire, J., & Norum, P. (2011). Cotton and sustainability. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Wakelyn, P., & Chaudhry, M. (2009) Organic cotton: Production practices and post-harvest considerations. In Sustainable textiles (pp. 231–301).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Karuppuchamy, P., & Venugopal, S. (2016). Integrated pest management. In Ecofriendly pest management for food security (pp. 651–684). Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Siddiqui, Q., Naeem, M. A., & Ndlovu, L. A. (2020). Preliminary study on the effect of short fiber content on drafting force and its variability. Journal of Natural Fibers, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2020.1727816.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Textiles, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, China

    Hua Wang

  2. Department of Textile Engineering, Fashion & Textile Design, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, 87300, Pakistan

    Muhammad Qasim Siddiqui

  3. Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Textiles, Ministry of China, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China

    Hafeezullah Memon

Authors
  1. Hua Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Muhammad Qasim Siddiqui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hafeezullah Memon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muhammad Qasim Siddiqui .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China

    Hua Wang

  2. College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China

    Hafeezullah Memon

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Wang, H., Siddiqui, M.Q., Memon, H. (2020). Physical Structure, Properties and Quality of Cotton. In: Wang, H., Memon, H. (eds) Cotton Science and Processing Technology. Textile Science and Clothing Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9169-3_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation