SpringerLink
Log in

Genetic impacts of fish introductions: a perspective on African lakes

  • Chapter
The Impact of Species Changes in African Lakes

Part of the book series: Chapman & Hall Fish and Fisheries Series ((FIFI,volume 18))

Abstract

Human activities have had profound impacts on almost all freshwater ecosystems in the world. These activities include mechanical changes such as damming or drainage as well as chemical effects like eutrophication and pollution, all with some effects on fish communities. Against this background of massive, worldwide and direct human impacts on freshwater ecosystems, the effects of fish introductions may seem to have only very modest effects on fish communities (Fernando, 1991). However, the increasing concern about the loss of global biodiversity and the recent mass extinction of haplochromine cichlids in Lake Victoria associated with the introduction of the piscivorous Nile perch (Witte et al., 1992; Chapters 2–11) has led to renewed research efforts on the effects of species introductions, especially in relation to commercial exploitation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
EUR 29.95
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 160.49
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 213.99
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
EUR 213.99
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Acere, T.O. (1985) Observations on the biology, age, growth, maturity and sexuality of Nile perch, Lates niloticus, and the growth of its fishery in the northern waters of Lake Victoria. FAO Fish. Rep., No. 335, pp. 42–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achieng, A.P. (1990) The impact of the introduction of Nile perch, Lates niloticus (L.) on the fisheries in Lake Victoria. J. Fish Biol., 37,(Suppl. A), 17–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allendorf, F.W. and Ryman, N. (1987) Genetic management of hatchery stocks, in Population Genetics and Fisheries Management (eds N. Ryman and F. Utter), Univ. Washington Press, Seattle and London, pp. 141–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amos, B. (1992) Analysis of polygamous systems using DNA fingerprinting, in Biotechnology and the Conservation of Genetic Diversity (eds H.D.M. Moore, W. V. Holt and G.M. Mace), Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 151–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arthington, A.H. (1991) Ecological and genetic impacts of introduced and translocated freshwater fishes in Australia. Can. J. Fish, aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 33–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Avise, J.C. and Saunders, N.C. (1984) Hybridization and introgression among species of sunfish (Lepomis): analysis by mitochondrial DNA and allozyme markers. Genetics, 108, 237–55.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Avise, J.C., Bermingham, E., Kessler, L.G. and Saunders, N.C. (1984) Characterization of mitochondrial DNA in a hybrid swarm between subspecies of bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Evolution, 38, 931–41.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bagenal, T.B. (1973) Fish fecundity and its relation with stock and recruitment. Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer, 148, 186–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker, A.J. and Moeed, A. (1987) Rapid genetic differentiation and founder effect in colonizing populations of common mynas (Acridotheres tristis). Evolution, 41, 525–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balon, E.K. (1975) Reproductive guilds of fishes: a proposal and definition. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can., 32, 821–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balon, E.K. and Bruton, M.N. (1986) Introduction of alien species or why scientific advice is not heeded. Env. Biol. Fishes, 16, 225–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barel, C.D.N., Dorit, R., Greenwood, P.H., Fryer, G., Hughes, N., Jackson, P.B.N., Kawanabe, H., Lowe-McConnell, R., Nagoshi, M., Ribbink, A.J., Trewavas, E., Witte, F. and Yamaoka, K. (1985) Destruction of fisheries in Africa’s lakes. Nature, Lond., 315, 29–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, C.G. and Lisle, A. (1987) Biology of the Nile perch Lates niloticus (Pisces: Centropomidae) with reference to its proposed role as a sport fish in Australia. Biol. Cons., 39, 269–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bartell, S.M. (1981) Potential impact of size selective planktivory on P release by Zooplankton. Hydrobiologia, 80, 139–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barton, N.H. (1989) Founder effect speciation, in Speciation and Its Consequences (eds D. Otte and J.A. Endler), Sinauer Assoc, Sunderland, MA, pp. 229–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barton, N.H. and Charlesworth, B. (1984) Genetic revolutions, founder effects and speciation. Annu. Rev. Ecol. System., 15, 133–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bentzen, P., Harris, A.S. and Wright, J.M. (1991) Cloning of hypervariable minisatellite and simple sequence microsatellite repeats for DNA fingerprinting of important aquacultural species of salmonids and Tilapia. In DNA Fingerprinting: Approaches and Applications (eds T. Burke, G. Dolf, A.J. Jeffreys and R. Wolff), Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, pp. 243–62.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bentzen, P., Taylor, E.B. and Wright, J.M. (1993) A novel synthetic probe for DNA fingerprinting salmonid fishes. J. Fish Biol., 43, 313–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bernatchez, L., Dodson, J.J. and Boivin, S. (1989) Population bottlenecks: influence on mitochondrial DNA diversity and its effect in coregonine stock discrimination. J. Fish Biol., 35(Suppl. A), 233–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berst, A.H. and Simon, R.C. (eds) (1981) Proceedings of the Stock Concept Symposium. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 38, 1457–1921.

    Google Scholar 

  • Billington, N. and Hebert, P.D.N. (1990) Technique for determining mitochondrial DNA markers in blood samples from walleyes. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp., 7, 492–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Billington, N. and Hebert, P.D.N. (eds) (1991a) The Ecological and Genetic Implications of Fish Introductions. Can. J. Fish, aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 1–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Billington, N. and Hebert, P.D.N. (1991b) Mitochondrial DNA diversity in fishes and its implications for introductions. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 80–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Billington, N., Hebert, P.D.N. and Ward, R.D. (1988) Evidence of introgressive hybridization in the genus Stizostedion: interspecific transfer of mitochondrial DNA between sauger and walleye. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 45, 2035–41.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bluhdorn, D.R., Arthington, A.H. and Mather, P.B. (1990) The introduced cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus in Australia: a review of distribution, population genetics, ecology, management issues and research priorities, in Proc. Australian Society for Fish Biology’s Workshop on Introduced and Translocated Fishes and Their Ecological Effects, Magnetic Island, Townsville, August 1989 (ed. D.A. Pollard), Australian Govt Publ. Serv., Canberra, Bur. Rural Resources Proc, no. 8, pp. 83–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonneil, M.L. and Seiander, R.K. (1974) Elephant seals: genetic variation and near extinction. Science, 184, 908–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brassington, R.A. and Ferguson, A. (1976) Electrophoretic identification of roach (Rutilus rutilus), rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus), bream (Abramis brama) and their natural hybrids. J. Fish Biol., 9, 471–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brookfield, J.F.Y. and Parkin, D.T. (1993) Use of single-locus probes in the establishment of relatedness in wild populations. Heredity, 70, 660–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bruford, M.W., Hanotte, O., Brookfield, J.F.Y. and Burke, T. (1992) Single-locus and multilocus DNA fingerprinting, in Molecular Genetic Analysis of Populations (ed. A.R. Hoelzel), IRL Press, Oxford, pp. 225–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruton, M.N. (1990) The conservation of the fishes of Lake Victoria, Africa: an ecological perspective. Env. Biol. Fishes, 27, 161–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burke, T., Hanotte, O., Bruford, M.W. and Cairns, E. (1991) Multilocus and single locus minisatellite analysis in population biological studies, in DNA Fingerprinting: Approaches and Applications (eds T. Burke, G. Dolf, A.J. Jeffreys and R. Wolff), Birkhäuser Verlag, Berlin, pp. 154–68.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Campton, D.E. (1987) Natural hybridization and introgression in fishes: methods of detection and genetic interpretations, in Population Genetics and Fishery Management (eds N. Ryman and F. Utter). Univ. Washington Press, Seattle and London, pp. 161–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carvalho, G.R. (1993) Evolutionary aspects of fish distribution: genetic variability and adaptation. J. Fish Biol., 43(Suppl. A), 53–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carvalho, G.R. and Hauser, L. (1994) Molecular genetics and the stock concept in fisheries. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 4, 326–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carvalho, G.R. and Pitcher, T.J. (eds) (1994a) Molecular Genetics in Fisheries. Special Issue of Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 43(3), 269–399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carvalho, G.R. and Pitcher, T.J. (1994b) Genetic diversity and stock structure of Lake Tanganyika kapenta (Limnothrissa miodon) introduced to African lakes. Unpublished final report to the Overseas Development Administration (ODA), U.K. Fish Genetics Programme, 103 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collart, A. (1960) L’introduction du Stolothrissa tanganicae (ndagala) au Lac Kivu. Bull. Agricole du Congo Belge, 51, 975–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coulter, G.W. (1970) Population changes within a group of fish species in Lake Tanganyika following their exploitation. J. Fish Biol., 2, 329–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coulter, G.W. (1976) The biology of Lates species (Nile perch) in Lake Tanganyika and the status of the pelagic fishery for Lates species and Luciolates stappersi. J. Fish Biol., 9, 235–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coulter, G.W., Allanson, B.R., Bruton, M.N., Greenwood, P.H., Hart, R.C., Jackson, P.B.N., and Ribbink, A.J. (1986) Unique qualities and special problems of the African Great Lakes. Env. Biol. Fishes, 17, 161–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cronin, M.A., Spearman, W.J., Wilmot, R.L., Patton, J.C. and Bickham, J.W. (1993) Mitochondrial DNA variation in chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and chum salmon (O. keta) detected by restriction enzyme analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 50, 708–15.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crow, J.F. and Kimura, M. (1970) An Introduction to Population Genetics Theory, Harper and Row, New York, 591 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cushing, D.H. (1973) Recruitment and Parent Stocks in Fishes, Univ. Washington Press, Seattle, Washington Sea Grant Publ. WSG 73-1, 295 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dowling, T.E., Moritz, C. and Palmer, J.D. (1990) Nucleic acids II: restriction site analysis, in Molecular Systematics (eds D.M. Hollis and C. Moritz), Sinauer Assoc, Sunderland, MA, pp. 250–317.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edge, T.A., McAllister, D.E. and Qadri, S.U. (1991) Meristic and morphometries variation between the endangered Acadian whitefish, Coregonus huntsmani, and the lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, in the Canadian maritime provinces and the State of Maine, USA. Can. J. Fish, aquat Sci., 48, 2140–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elder, H.Y. and Garrod, D.J. (1961) A natural hybrid of Tilapia nigra and Tilapia leucosticta from Lake Naivasha, Kenya Colony. Nature, Lond., 191, 722–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elton, C.S. (1958) The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants, Methuen, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elton, C.S. and Miller, R.S. (1954) The ecological survey of animal communities: with a practical system of classifying habitats by structural characteristics. J. Ecol., 42, 460–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Emlen, J.M. (1991) Heterosis and outbreeding depression: a multi-locus model and application to salmon production. Fish. Res., 12, 187–212.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Falconer, D.S. (1989) Introduction to Quantitative Genetics, 3rd edn, Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow, UK, 438 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO/CIFA (1985) Introduction of Species and Conservation of Genetic Resources. Committee for Inland Fisheries of Africa, Sixth Session, Lusaka, Zambia, 7–11 Oct. 1985. CIFA/85/13, 18 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO/UNEP (1981) Conservation of the Genetic Resources of Fish: Problems and Recommendations. Report of the Expert Consultation on the Genetic Resources of Fish. Rome, 9–13 June 1980. FAO Fish. tech. Pap., no. 217, 43 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, A. and Thorpe, J.E. (eds) (1991) Biochemical Genetics and Taxonomy of Fish. J. Fish. Biol., 39(Suppl. A), pp. 1–357.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, M.M. (1994) The role of molecular genetic markers in the management of cultured fishes. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 4, 351–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernando, C.H. (1991) Impacts of fish introductions in tropical Asia and America. Can. J. Fish aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 24–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferris, S.D. and Berg, W.J. (1987) The utility of mitochondrial DNA in fish genetics and fishery management, in Population Genetics and Fishery Management (eds N. Ryman and F. Utter), Univ. Washington Press, Seattle and London, pp. 277–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franck, J.C.B., Wright, J.M. and McAndrew, B.J. (1992) Genetic variability in a family of satellite DNAs from tilapia (Pisces: Cichlidae). Genome, 35, 719–25.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frankel, O.H. and Soulé, M.E. (1981) Conservation and Evolution, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 327 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franklin, I.R. (1980) Evolutionary change in small populations, in Conservation Biology: An Evolutionary-Ecological Perspective (eds M.E. Soulé and B.A. Wilcox), Sinauer Assoc, Sunderland, MA, pp. 135–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fryer, G. (1960) Concerning the proposed introduction of Nile perch into Lake Victoria. East Afr. Agric. J., 25, 267–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fryer, G. (1968) The parasitic Crustacea of African freshwater fishes: their biology and distribution. J. Zool., 156, 45–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fryer, G. (1972) Conservation of the African Great Lakes: a lesson and a warning. Biol. Cons., 4, 256–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fryer, G. (1984) The conservation and rational exploitation of the biota of Africa’s Great Lakes, in Conservation of Threatened Natural Habitats (ed. A.V. Hall), CSIR, Pretoria, S. Afr. Natn. Scient. Prog. Rep., no. 92, pp. 135–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fryer, G. and Iles, T.D. (1972) The Cichlid Fishes of the Great Lakes of Africa: Their Biology and Evolution, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gall, G.A.E. (1987) Inbreedng, in Population Genetics and Fishery Management (eds N. Ryman and F. Utter), Univ. Washington Press, Seattle and London, pp. 47–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Marin, J.L., Jorde, P.E., Ryman, N., Utter, F. and Pla, C. (1991) Management implications of genetic differentiation between native and hatchery populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in Spain. Aquaculture, 95, 235–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gharret, A.J. and Thomason, M.A. (1987) Genetic changes in pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) following their introduction into the Great Lakes. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 43, 787–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gregorius, H.-R. (1991) Gene conservation and the preservation of adaptability, in Species Conservation: A Population-Biological Approach (eds A. Seitz and V. Loeschcke), Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, pp. 31–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, H. and Hopkinson, D. (1976) Handbook of Enzyme Electrophoresis in Human Genetics, American Elsevier, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, K. (1991) The taxonomy of East African Nile perch, Lates spp. (Perciformes, Centropomidae). J. Fish Biol., 38, 175–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hauser, L., Carvalho, G.R. and Pitcher, T.J. (1995) Morphological and genetic differentiation of the African clupeid. Limnothrissa miodon 34 years after its introduction to Lake Kivu. J. Fish. Biol., 47(Suppl. A), in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hillis, D.M. and Moritz, C. (eds) (1990) Molecular Systematics, Sinauer Assoc., Sunderland, MA, 588 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hindar, K., Ryman, N. and Utter, F. (1991) Genetic effects of cultured fish on natural fish populations. Can. J. Fish, aquat. Sci., 48, 945–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoelzel, A.R. (ed.) (1992) Molecular Genetic Analysis of Populations, IRL Press, Oxford, 315pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoelzel, A.R. and Green, A. (1992) Analysis of population-level variation by sequencing PCR-amplified DNA, in Molecular Genetic Analysis of Populations (ed. A.R. Hoelzel), IRL Press, Oxford, pp. 159–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman, G.L. (1970) Intercontinental and transcontinental dissemination and transformation of fish parasites with emphasis on whirling disease (Myxosoma cerebralis). Spec. Publ. Am. Fish. Soc., 5, 69–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, N.F. (1986) Changes in the feeding biology of the Nile perch, Lates niloticus (Pisces: Centropomidae), in Lake Victoria, East Africa since its introduction in 1960, and its impact on the native fish community of the Nyanza Gulf. J. Fish Biol., 29, 541–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ihssen, P.E., Booke, H.E., Casselman, J.M., McGlade, J.M., Payne, N.R. and Utter, F. (1981) Stock identification: materials and methods. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 38, 1838–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, P.B.N. (1960) On the desirability or otherwise of introducing fishes to waters that are foreign to them. Pub. Cons. Sci. Afr. S. Sahara, 63, 157–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeffreys, A.J., Wilson, V. and Thein, S.L. (1985) Hypervariable “minisatellite” regions in human DNA. Nature, Lond., 314, 67–73.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kapuscinscy, A.R. and Hallerman, E.M. (1991) Implications of introduction of transgenic fish into natural ecosystems. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 99–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karl, S.A. and Avise, J.C. (1993) PCR-based assays of mendelian polymorphisms from anonymous single-copy nuclear DNA — techniques and applications for population genetics. Mol Biol. Evol., 10, 342–61.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpichnikov, V.S. (1992) Adaptive nature of intrapopulational polymorphism in fish. J. Fish Biol., 40, 1–16.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Knight, A.J., Hughes, R.N. and Ward, R.D. (1987) A striking example of the founder effect in the mollusc Littorina saxatilis. Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 32, 417–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kornfield, I. (1991) Genetics, in Cichlid Fishes: Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution (ed. M.H.A. Keenleyside), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 103–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kricka, L.J. (1992) Non-isotope DNA Probe Techniques, Academic Press, London, 358 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krueger, C.C. and May, B. (1991) Ecological and genetic effects of salmonid introductions in North America. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 66–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krueger, C.C., Gharret, A.J., Dehring, T.R. and Allendorf, F.W. (1981) Genetic aspects of fisheries rehabilitation programmes. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 38, 1877–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuhry, B. and Marcus, L.F. (1977) Bivariate linear models in biometry. Syst. Zool., 26, 201–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lande, R. and Barrowsclough, G.F. (1987) Effective population size, genetic variation, and their use in population management, in Viable Populations for Conservation (ed. M.E. Soulé), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, pp. 87–123.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Leary, R.F., Allendorf, F.W. and Knudsen, K.L. (1983) Consistently high meristic counts in natural hybrids between brook trout and bull trout. Syst. Zool., 32, 369–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leberg, P.L. (1992) Effects of population bottlenecks on genetic diversity as measured by allozyme electrophoresis. Evolution, 46, 477–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loeschke, V., Tomiuk, J. and Jain, S.K. (1994) Conservation Genetics, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel 492 pp.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Margalef, R. (1968) Perspectives in Ecological Theory, Univ. Chicago Press, Chicago, 320 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Markert, C.L. and Möller, F. (1959) Multiple forms of enzymes: tissue, ontogenetic, and species-specific patterns. Proc. natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 45, 753–63.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, B.E. (1993) Biology of the African clupeid Limnothrissa miodon with reference to its small size in artificial lakes. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 3, 17–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, A.P., Humphreys, R. and Palumbi, S.R. (1992) Population genetic structure of the armorhead, Pseudopentaceros wheeled, in the North Pacific Ocean: application of the polymerase chain reaction to fisheries problems. Can. J. Fish, aquat. Sci., 49, 2386–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mather, P.B. and Arthington, A.H. (1991) An assessment of genetic differentiation among feral Australian Tilapia populations. Aust. J. mar. Freshwat. Res., 42, 721–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • May, R.M. (1975) Patterns of species abundance and diversity, in Ecology and Evolution of Communities (eds M.L. Cody and J.M. Diamond), Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 81–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melvin, G.D., Dadswell, M.J. and McKenzie, A. (1992) Usefulness of meristic and morphometric characters in discriminating populations of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) (Osteichthyes: Clupeidae) inhabiting a marine environment. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 49, 266–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, D.J. (1989) Introductions and extinctions of fish in the African Great Lakes. Trends Ecol. Evol., 4, 56–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moyle, P.B., Li, H.W. and Barton, B.A. (1986) The Frankenstein effect: impact of introduced fishes on native fishes in North America, in Fish Culture in Fisheries Management (ed. R.H. Stroud), Am. Fish. Soc., Bethesda, MD, pp. 415–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nei, M. (1972) Genetic distance between populations. Am. Nat, 106, 283–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nei, M. (1987) Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, Columbia Univ. Press, New York, 512 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nei, M. and Tajima, F. (1981) DNA polymorphism detectable by restriction endonucleases. Genetics, 97, 145–63.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nei, M., Maruyama, T. and Chakraborty, R. (1975) The bottleneck effect and genetic variability in populations. Evolution, 29, 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, K. and Soulé, M. (1987) Genetical conservation of exploited fishes, in Population Genetics and Fisheries Management (eds N. Ryman and F. Utter), Univ. Washington Press, Seattle and London, pp. 345–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • ODA (1991) Biological Diversity and Develo** Countries: Issues and Options. Natural Resources and Environment Dept, Overseas Development Admin., 94 Victoria Street, London SW1 5JL, 50 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogutu-Ohwayo, R. (1990a) The decline of the native fishes of Lakes Victoria and Kyoga (East Africa) and the impact of introduced species, especially the Nile perch, Lates niloticus, and the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Env. Biol. Fishes, 27, 81–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ogutu-Ohwayo, R. (1990b) The reduction in fish species diversity in Lakes Victoria and Kyoga (East Africa) following human exploitation and the introduction of non-native fish. J. Fish Biol., 37(Suppl. A), 207–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ogutu-Ohwayo, R. (1992) The purpose, costs and benefits of fish introductions: with specific reference to the Great Lakes of Africa. Mitt. int. Verein. Limnol., 23, 37–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogutu-Ohwayo, R. and Hecky, R.E. (1991) Fish introductions in Africa and some of their implications. Can. J. Fish, aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 8–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oldfield, M.L. (1989) The Value of Conserving Genetic Resources, Sinauer Assoc, Sunderland, MA, 379 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovenden, J.R. (1990) Mitochondrial DNA and marine stock assessment: a review. Aust. J. mar. Freshwat Res., 41, 835–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park, L.K. and Moran, P. (1994) Developments of molecular genetic techniques in fisheries. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 4, 272–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philipp, D.P. (1991) Genetic implications of introducing largemouth bass, Micropterus salmonides floridanus. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 58–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prodöhl, P.A. (1992) Genetic variability within and between sympatric brown trout. Hereditas, 117, 45–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prodöhl, P.A., Taggart, J.B. and Ferguson, A. (1994) Single locus minisatellite variation in brown trout, Salmo trutta L., populations, in Genetics and Evolution of Aquatic Organisms (ed. A.R. Beaumont), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 263–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quinn, T.W. and White, B.N. (1987) Identification of restriction fragment length polymorphisms in genomic DNA of the lesser snow goose. Mol. Biol. Evol., 4, 126–43.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramshaw, J.A.M., Coyne, J.A. and Lewontin, R.C. (1979) The sensitivity of gel electrophoresis as a detector of genetic variation. Genetics, 93, 1019–37.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reisenbichler, R.R. and Mclntyre, J.D. (1977) Genetic differences in growth and survival of juvenile hatchery and wild steelhead trout, Salmo gairdneri. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can., 34, 123–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ribbink, A.J. (1987) African lakes and their fishes: conservation scenarios and suggestions. Env. Biol. Fishes, 19, 3–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ribbink, A.J., Marsh, B.A., Marsh, A.C., Ribbink, A.C. and Sharp, B.J. (1983) A preliminary study of the cichlid fishes of rocky habitats of Lake Malawi. S. Afr. J. Zool., 18, 149–310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, B.J., Baverstock, P.R. and Adams, M. (1986) Allozyme Electrophoresis: A Handbook for Animal Systematics and Population Studies, Acad. Press, Sydney and London, 410 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricker, W.E. (1972) Hereditary and environmental factors affecting certain salmonid populations, in The Stock Concept in Pacific Salmon (eds R.C. Simon and P.A. Larkin), MacMillan Lectures in Fisheries, Univ. British Columbia, Vancouver, pp. 19–160.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roby, D., Lambert, J.D. and Sévigny, J.M. (1991) Morphometric and electrophoretic approaches to discrimination of capelin (Mallotus villosus) populations in the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 48, 2040–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, M.R. and Cavender, T.M. (1981) Morphological analysis of four experimental intergeneric cyprinid hybrid crosses. Copeia, 1981, 377–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryman, N. and Utter, F. (eds) (1987) Population Genetics and Fishery Management, Univ. Washington Press, Seattle and London, 420 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryman, N., Baccus, R., Reuterwall, C. and Smith, M.H. (1981) Effective population size, generation interval, and potential loss of genetic variability in game species under different hunting regimes. Oikos, 36, 257–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saiki, R.K., Gelfand, D.H., Stoffel, S., Scharf, S.J., Higuchi, R., Horn, G.T., Mullis, K. and Erlich, H.A. (1988) Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science, 239, 487–91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schaefer, S.A. (1991) Morphometric investigations in cyprinid biology, in Cyprinid Fishes: Systematics, Biology and Exploitation (eds SI.J. Winfield and J.S. Nelson), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 55–82.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Seitz, A. (1991) Introductory remarks: population biology, the scientific interface to species conservation, in Species Conservation: A Population-Biological Approach (eds A. Seitz and V. Loeschke), Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel etc., pp. 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seitz, A. and Loeschcke, V. (eds) (1991) Species Conservation: A Population-Biological Approach, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel etc., 315 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shafland, P.L. and Lewis, W.M. (1984) Terminology associated with introduced organisms. Fisheries, 9(4), 17–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, P.W., Carvalho, G.R., Seghers, B.H. and Magurran, A.E. (1992) Genetic consequences of an artificial introduction of guppies (Poecilia reticulata) in N. Trinidad. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., B, 248, 111–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shields, W.M. (1982) Philopatry, Inbreeding and the Evolution of Sex, State Univ. New York Press, New York, 237pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siddiqui, A.Q. (1977) Lake Naivasha (Kenya, East Africa) fishery and its management together with a note on the food habits of fishes. Biol. Cons., 12, 217–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simberloff, D. (1988) The contribution of population and community biology to conservation science. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 19, 473–512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Solbrig, O.T. (ed.) (1991a) From Genes to Ecosystems: A Research Agenda for Biodiversity, Int. Union Biol. Sci., Sunderland, MA, 55 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solbrig, O.T. (1991b) Biodiversity. Scientific Issues and Collaborative Research Proposals, UNESCO, Paris, Mab Digest, 9, 87 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soulé, M.E. (1976) Allozyme variation: its determinants in space and time, in Molecular Evolution (ed. F.J. Ayala), Sinauer Assoc, Sunderland, MA, pp. 60–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soulé, M.E. (1986) Conservation Biology: The Science of Scarcity and Diversity, Sinauer Assoc, Sunderland, MA, 584 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, J.E. (1991) Introductions as factors in diseases for fish and aquatic invertebrates. Can. J. Fish aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 110–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • St. Louis, V.L. and Barlow, J.C. (1988) Genetic differentiation among ancestral and introduced populations of the Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus). Evolution, 42, 266–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taggart, J.B. and Ferguson, A. (1990a) Hypervariable minisatellite DNA single locus probes for the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. J. Fish Biol., 37, 991–3.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taggart, J.B. and Ferguson, A. (1990b) Minisatellite DNA fingerprints of salmonid fishes. Anim. Genet., 21, 377–89.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tautz, D. (1989) Hypervariability of simple sequences as a general source for polymorphic DNA markers. Nucl. Acids Res., 17, 6463–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, E.B. (1991) A review of local adaptation in Salmonidae, with particular reference to Pacific and Atlantic salmon. Aquaculture, 98, 185–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thorpe, J.P. (1983) Enzyme variation, genetic distance and evolutionary divergence in relation to levels of taxonomic separation, in Protein Polymorphism: Adaptive and Taxonomic Significance (eds G.S. Oxford and D. Rollinson), Acad. Press, London, pp. 131–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiedje, J.M., Colwell, R.K., Grossman, Y.L., Hodson, R.E., Lenski, R.E., Mack, R.N. and Regal, P. (1989) The planned introduction of genetically engineered organisms: ecological considerations and recommendations. Ecology, 70(2), 298–315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trewavas, E. (1983) Tilapiine Fishes of the Genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia, British Museum, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, J.L. (1977) Changes in the size structure of cichlid populations of Lake Malawi resulting from bottom trawling. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can., 34, 232–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Utter, F., Aebersold, P. and Winans, G. (1987) Interpreting genetic variation detected by electrophoresis, in Population Genetics and Fishery Management (eds N. Ryman and F. Utter), Univ. Washington Press, Seattle and London, pp. 21–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanni, M.J. (1986) Fish prédation and Zooplankton demography: indirect effects. Ecology, 67, 337–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vuorinen, J., Næsje, T.F. and Sandlund, O.T. (1991) Genetic changes in a vendace Coregonus albula (L.) population, 92 years after introduction. J. Fish Biol., 39(Suppl. A), 193–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waples, R.S. (1991) Genetic interactions between hatchery and wild salmonids: lessons from the Pacific Northwest. Can. J. Fish, aquat. Sci., 48(Suppl. 1), 124–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, R.D. and Grewe, P.M. (1994) Appraisal of molecular genetic techniques in fisheries. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 4, 300–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Welcomme, R.L. (1984) International transfer of inland fish species, in Distribution, Biology and Management of Exotic Fishes (eds W.R. Courtenay and J.R. Stauffer), Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, Baltimore and London, pp. 22–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welcomme, R.L. (1988) International Introductions of Inland Fish Species. FAO Fish. tech. Pap., no. 294, 120pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winans, G.A. (1987) Using morphometric and meristic counts for identifying stocks of fish. Proc. Stock Identification Workshop, Panama City Beach, Florida, NOAA tech. Memo., NMFS-SEFC-199, pp. 25–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Witte, F., Goldschmidt, T., Wanink, J., van Oijen, M., Goudswaard, K., Witte-Maas, E. and Bouton, N. (1992) The destruction of an endemic species flock: quantitative data on the decline of the haplochromine cichlids of Lake Victoria. Env. Biol. Fishes, 34, 1–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Worthington, E.B. (1973) The ecology of introductions — a case study from the African lakes. Biol. Cons., 5, 221–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, J.M. (1993) DNA fingerprinting of fishes, in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Fishes, Vol. 2 (eds P. Hochachka and T. Mommsen), Elsevier, New York, pp. 57–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, J.M. and Bentzen, P. (1994) Microsatellites: genetic markers for the future. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 4, 384–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zaret, T.M. (1979) Prédation in freshwater fish communities, in Predator-Prey Systems in Fisheries Management (ed. H. Clepper), Sport Fishing Inst., Washington, DC, pp. 135–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaret, T.M. and Paine, R.T. (1973) Species introduction in a tropical lake. Science, 182, 449–55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zwangenburg, K.C.T., Bentzen, P. and Wright, J.M. (1992) Mitochondrial DNA differentiation in western North Atlantic populations of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), Can. J. Fish, äqual Sci., 49, 2527–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Gary R. Carvalho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Lorenz Hauser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    Tony J. Pitcher

  2. Department of Zoology, Leicester University, Leicester, UK

    Paul J. B. Hart

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Carvalho, G.R., Hauser, L. (1995). Genetic impacts of fish introductions: a perspective on African lakes. In: Pitcher, T.J., Hart, P.J.B. (eds) The Impact of Species Changes in African Lakes. Chapman & Hall Fish and Fisheries Series, vol 18. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0563-7_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0563-7_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4249-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-0563-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation