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Internationalisation and the Academic Labour Market

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The Academic Profession in Europe: New Tasks and New Challenges

Abstract

While the international dimension has long been a constitutive element of the academic environment, it has become more of a focus since the 1990s, both on the policy level and as a research subject. This chapter focuses on one particular aspect, namely the internationalisation of the academic labour market, a topic which does not seem to be at the core of most studies on internationalisation of higher education (Kim and Locke, “Transnational Academic Mobility and the Academic Profession in the UK”, 2009), although higher education institutions tend to rank it as the most important dimension of the overall process of internationalisation (Knight, Internationalization of Higher Education. Practices and Priorities: 2003 IAU Survey Report, 2003).

How is the internationalisation of academic markets analysed? What does it reveal of the processes at play? At macro or meso levels, three main dimensions are investigated that attempt to picture the composition of academic staff, to question the brain circulation, or to identify the rules and practices higher education institutions apply when attracting and employing new collaborators. Focusing on the individual level, another three approaches to internationalisation question mobility patterns within academic careers, the effects on mobility on individual academic’s career and perception of the benefits of their mobility, as well as individual academic’s mobility strategies. Through these approaches, and beside the methodological problems posed by the measurement of mobility, research reveals a profound shift, from an individual management of international mobility to a collective, institutional, increasingly formalised and competitive process (Vabø, “Challenges of Internationalization for the Academic Profession in Norway”, 2007, p. 99–107).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    “Globalisation is the flow of technology, economy, knowledge, people, values, ideas [¼] across borders. Globalisation affects each country in a different way due to a nation’s individual history, traditions, culture and priorities. Internationalisation of higher education is one of the ways a country responds to the impact of globalisation yet, at the same time respects the individuality of the nation” (Knight 1999, p. 14). See also Altbach (2002) for a similar definition.

  2. 2.

    PRES, Poles Regionaux d’Excellence Scientifique, or regional centers of scientific excellences, have been developed in France during the last years also in reaction to the Shanghai ranking.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland

    Carole Probst

  2. Politics and Organizations of Higher Education Research Unit at the Observatory Science, Policy and Society (OSPS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Gaële Goastellec

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  1. Carole Probst
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  2. Gaële Goastellec
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Correspondence to Carole Probst .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Kassel, Moenchebergstr. 17, Kassel, 34109, Germany

    Barbara M. Kehm

  2. , INCHER, University of Kassel, Moenchebergstrasse 17, Kassel, 34109, Germany

    Ulrich Teichler

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Probst, C., Goastellec, G. (2013). Internationalisation and the Academic Labour Market. In: Kehm, B., Teichler, U. (eds) The Academic Profession in Europe: New Tasks and New Challenges. The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative Perspective, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4614-5_7

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