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Phenolic Compounds of the Mulberry Tree and Related Plants

  • Chapter
Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products

Abstract

Moraceae comprise a large family of sixty genera and nearly 1400 species (1), including important groups such as Artocarpus, Morus, and Ficus. In particular, Morus (mulberry) is a small genus of trees and shrubs found in temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere and has been widely cultivated in China and Japan for its leaves which serve as indispensable food for silkworms. Many varieties of Morus are cultivated in Japan; these varieties are described as belonging to three species: Morus alba l. (“ Karayamaguwa” in Japanese), M. bombycis Koidz. (“ Yamaguwa” in Japanese), and M. lhou (ser.) Koidz. (“ Roguwa” in Japanese) (2). In addition, the root bark of the mulberry tree (Mori Cortex, Morus alba l. and other plants of the genus Morus) has been used as an antiphlogistic, diuretic, and expectorant in Chinese herbal medicine (3, 4), and the crude drug is known as “Sohakuhi” in Japanese. In the pharmaceutical field, a few papers have been published reporting the hypotensive effect of this extract (5–11). The first of these reports was presented by Fukutome in 1938 who asserted that oral administration of the hot water extract of the mulberry tree showed a remarkable hypotensive effect in rabbits (5). Ohishi reported the hypotensive effect of the ethanol extract of mulberry root bark (6), while Suzuki and Sakuma (7) reported that the hypotensive activity seemed to be due to phenolic substances and that the effect disappeared on acetylation. Later, Katayanagi et al. reported that the ether extract of the root bark given to rabbits (6 mg/ Kg, iv) showed a marked hypotensive effect and that the active constituents seemed to be a mixture of unstable phenolic compounds (8). Tane-Mura ascribed the activity of mulberry tree root bark to acetylcholine and its analogues presumably contained in the alcohol soluble fraction, and that the hypotensive constituents produced a yellowish-brown precipitate on treatment with Dragendorff reagent (9).

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  1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274, Japan

    T. Nomura

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  1. Department of Chemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA

    W. Herz (Professor of Chemistry) (Professor of Chemistry)

  2. Biologisches Institut II, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie der Pflanzen, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg i. Br., Federal Republic of Germany

    H. Grisebach

  3. Chemistry Department, The University, Glasgow, Scotland

    G. W. Kirby Sc. D. (Regius Professor of Chemistry) (Regius Professor of Chemistry)

  4. Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    Ch. Tamm

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Nomura, T. (1988). Phenolic Compounds of the Mulberry Tree and Related Plants. In: Herz, W., Grisebach, H., Kirby, G.W., Tamm, C. (eds) Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products. Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, vol 53. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8987-0_2

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