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The Significance of Rhizosphere Microflora and Mycorrhizas in Plant Nutrition

  • Chapter
Inorganic Plant Nutrition

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology ((PLANT,volume 15))

Abstract

Plant roots are always associated with micro-organisms, ranging from organisms external to the root to root-infecting micro-organisms. The nature and significance of these associations have interested soil microbiologists and, to a much lesser extent, plant physiologists, for decades. The term “rhizosphere” was proposed by Hiltner (1904) to define that soil influenced by living roots. The rhizosphere is variable both in extent and composition, and from the root surface to the bulk soil there is a gradient of many chemical, physical and biological properties. To accommodate this gradient, microbiologists have proposed terms such as “outer rhizosphere”, “inner rhizosphere” and “rhizoplane” (the root surface itself). For this paper we treat the rhizosphere as that zone of soil extending from the root—soil interface to the point in the soil where the microflora is unaffected by the root. The non–infective rhizosphere micro-organisms can have a large effect on plant nutrition, as do the infective associations such as mycorrhizal fungi (beneficial) and root diseases (detrimental).

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Authors
  1. A. D. Rovira
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  2. G. D. Bowen
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  3. R. C. Foster
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Hoagland Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    André Läuchli

  2. Division of Horticulture and Processing, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand

    Roderick Leon Bieleski

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Rovira, A.D., Bowen, G.D., Foster, R.C. (1983). The Significance of Rhizosphere Microflora and Mycorrhizas in Plant Nutrition. In: Läuchli, A., Bieleski, R.L. (eds) Inorganic Plant Nutrition. Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 15. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68885-0_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-68885-0_3

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