Abstract
The mining operation is associated with uncertainties that are not limited to ore characteristics and market demand; operational costs, operational performance, regulations are all a part of these uncertainties. Managing these uncertainties effectively and consistently through the mine life helps miners to maintain sustainability in their operations. Drilling and blasting as a key activity in the mining cycle have a key role in operational risk management. Many empirical methods have been developed to determine blast design parameters or the prediction of blast outcomes. However, these methods cannot cover all associated parameters and factors in design or prediction. Applications of advanced analytical methods, including AI-capable engineers, develop powerful tools that consider multiple parameters to predict blasting results or determine design parameters to achieve desired results. This chapter shows how analytical models can optimize blast patterns according to the real bench geometry and discusses advanced analytical solutions for predicting blast fragmentation and vibration by considering affecting parameters on the blast outcomes. In addition, it presents developed models based on recorded data in a mine site that can be used to determine blast design parameters to achieve desired blast outcomes. Discussed models in this chapter are based on AI and machine learning.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Calnan, J.T. 2015. Determination of explosive energy partition values in rock blasting through small-scale testing. University of Kentucky.
Ouchterlony, F., et al. 2004. Where does the explosive energy in rock blasting rounds go? Science and Technology of Energetic Materials 65 (2): 54–63.
Nobel, D. 2010. Blasting and explosives quick reference guide. Kalgoorlie: Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited.
Zhang, Z.-X. 2016. Rock fracture and blasting: Theory and applications. Butterworth-Heinemann.
Shadabfar, M., et al. 2021. Estimation of damage induced by single-hole rock blasting: A review on analytical, numerical, and experimental solutions. Energies 14 (1): 29.
Bhandari, S. 1997. Engineering rock blasting operations.
Langefors, U., and B. Kihlström. 1963. The modern technique of rock blasting, vol. 405. New York: Wiley.
Darling, P. 2011. SME mining engineering handbook. Vol. 1. SME.
Hustrulid, W.A., M. Kuchta, and R.K. Martin. 2013. Open pit mine planning and design, two-volume set and CD-ROM pack. CRC Press.
Hustrulid, W.A. 1999. Blasting principles for open pit mining: General design concepts. Balkema.
Lilly, P.A. 1986. An empirical method of assessing rock mass blast ability.
Cunningham, C. 1987. Fragmentation estimations and the Kuz-Ram model-four years on. In Proceedings of 2nd international symposium on rock fragmentation by blasting.
Osanloo, M., and A. Hekmat. 2005. Prediction of shovel productivity in the Gol-e-Gohar iron mine. Journal of Mining Science 41 (2): 177–184.
International Society of Explosives, E. 2011. ISEE blasters’ handbook. Cleveland, Ohio: International Society of Explosives Engineers.
Jimeno, C.L., et al. 1995. Drilling änd blasting of rocks.
Singh, P., et al. 2016. Rock fragmentation control in opencast blasting. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 8 (2): 225–237.
Rosin, P. 1933. Laws governing the fineness of powdered coal. Journal of Institute of Fuel 7: 29–36.
Koshelev, E., et al. 1971. Statistics of the fragments forming with the destruction of solids by the explosion. Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 12 (2): 244–256.
Kuznetsov, V. 1973. The mean diameter of the fragments formed by blasting rock. Soviet Mining 9 (2): 144–148.
Ouchterlony, F. 2016. The case for the median fragment size as a better fragment size descriptor than the mean. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 49 (1): 143–164.
Cunningham, C. 1983. The Kuz-Ram model for production of fragmentation from blasting. In Proceedings of 1st symposium on rock fragmentation by blasting, Lulea.
Lizotte, Y.C. 1990. Empirical procedures for prediction of rock fragmentation by blasting. Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology, Mining Research Laboratories.
Ouchterlony, F. 2005. The Swebrec© function: Linking fragmentation by blasting and crushing. Mining Technology 114: 29–44.
Duvall, W.I., and D.E. Fogelson. 1962. Review of criteria for estimating damage to residences from blasting vibration, vol. 5968. US Bur Mines.
Ambraseys, N.R., A.J. Hendron, K.G. Stagg, and O.C. Zienkiewicz, eds. 1968. Dynamic behaviour of rockmasses. In Rock mechanics in rock mechanics in engineering practice, pp. 203–207. London: Wiley.
Ghosh, A., and J.K. Daemen. 1983. A simple new blast predictor of ground vibrations ınduced predictor. In Proceedings of the 24th US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, 20–23 June. Texas, USA
Balbas Anton, M. and J. Diaz Garcia. 1995. Spatial relation between laws of vibration from blasting. International Journal of Surface Mining and Reclamation 9(4): 161–164.
Singh, S.R., and R.D. Lamond. 1993. Prediction and measurements of blast vibrations. International Journal of Surface Mining and Reclamation 7(4): 149–154.
Roy, P.P. 1991. Prediction and control of ground vibration due to blasting. Colliery Guardian (United Kingdom) 239(7).
Sahu, R. 2020. AI in drill and blast.
Mohamed, M.T. 2009. Artificial neural network for predicting and controlling blasting vibrations in Assiut (Egypt) limestone quarry. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 46 (2): 426–431.
Amnieh, H.B., M. Mozdianfard, and A. Siamaki. 2010. Predicting blasting vibrations in Sarcheshmeh copper mine by a neural network. Safety Science 48 (3): 319–325.
Petr, V., M. Simoes, and T. Rozgonoyi. 2003. Future development of neural network prediction for blasting design parameter of production blasting. Explosive and Blasting Technique 625–630. Holmberg.
Soofastaei, A. 2020. Data analytics applied to the mining industry. CRC Press.
Xue, X. 2019. Neuro-fuzzy based approach for prediction of blast-induced ground vibration. Applied Acoustics 152: 73–78.
Shahnazar, A., et al. 2017. A newly developed approach for predicting ground vibration using a hybrid PSO-optimized ANFIS-based model. Environmental Earth Sciences 76 (15): 1–17.
Zhou, J., et al. 2020. Novel approach for forecasting the blast-induced AOP using a hybrid fuzzy system and firefly algorithm. Engineering with Computers 36 (2): 703–712.
Martins, P., and A. Soofastaei. 2020. Process analytics. In Data analytics applied to the mining industry, 131–148. CRC Press.
Duvall, W.I. and B. Petkoff. 1959. Spherical propagation of explosion-generated strain pulses in rock. US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines.
2020. Visual AI platform for quarry and mining.
Jha, A., et al. 2020. Detection of geological features using aerial image analysis and machine learning. In Proceedings of the 46th annual conference on explosives and blasting technique, USA: Denver, CO.
Rai, P. 2002. Evaluation of the effects of some blast design parameters on fragmentation in opencast mines. Ph. D. thesis, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
Choudhary, B., and R. Arora. 2018. Influence of front row burden on fragmentation, muckpile shape, excavator cycle time, and back break-in surface limestone mines. Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences 10 (1): 1–10.
2020. Burden profiling. Do you measure what you think you are?
Badroddin, M., H. Khoshrou, and A. Siamaki. 2012. Prediction of burden at the sungun copper mine by artificial neural network. In Applications of Computers and Operations Research in the Mineral Industry Symposium Issue (35th APCOM).
Badroddin, M., H. Khoshrou, and A. Siamaki. 2013. Prediction of fragment size distribution from blasting: Artificial neural networks approach.
Benardos, A., and D. Kaliampakos. 2004. Modelling TBM performance with artificial neural networks. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology 19 (6): 597–605.
Allsman, P.L. 1960. Analysis of explosive action in breaking rock. Transactions AIME 217: 475–476.
Speath, G.L. 1960. Formula for proper blasthole spacing. Engineering News Record 218(3): 53.
Amnieh, H.B., A. Siamaki, and S. Soltani. 2012. Design of blasting pattern in proportion to the peak particle velocity (PPV): Artificial neural networks approach. Safety Science 50 (9): 1913–1916.
Amoako, R.A.J., A. 2020. Rock fragmentation prediction using machine learning.
Khoshrou, H., M. Badroddin, and E. Bakhtavar (2010) Determination of the practicable burden in Sungun open-pit mine, Iran. In Rock Fragmentation by Blasting, ed. J.A. Sanchidrián, pp. 271–276. London: Taylor & Francis Group.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Siamaki, A. (2022). Advanced Analytics for Drilling and Blasting. In: Soofastaei, A. (eds) Advanced Analytics in Mining Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91589-6_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91589-6_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-91588-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-91589-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)