Teledentistry: A New Approach in Dental Medicine

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Enhanced Telemedicine and e-Health

Abstract

As a result of the current Sars-Cov-2 pandemic, the use of teledentistry (TD) has become much more widespread, as it allows for medical consultation while still maintaining social distancing measures. The objective of this chapter is to update the most relevant information on the use of TD, its advantages and disadvantages as well as the most important ethical and legal aspects. It has been observed that, in general, TD can be a useful instrument in practically all dental fields (both in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients) and represents a time saving for the professional and the patient. Although traditional visits are necessary in many procedures, this technology opens new horizons in daily practice.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M.S. Rivera-Ruiz, M.S. Christian Cajavilca, M.S. Joseph Varon, Historical perspectives. Tex Heart Inst J 35, 174–178 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  2. R.L. Murphy, K.T. Bird, Telediagnosis: a new community health resource. Observations on the feasibility of telediagnosis based on 1000 patient transactions. Am. J. Public Health 64(2), 113–119 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  3. S.P. Sood, J.S. Bhatia, Development of telemedicine technology in India: “Sanjeevani”–an integrated telemedicine application. J. Postgrad. Med. 51(4), 308–311 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  4. R. Bergstrøm, V. Heimly, Information technology strategies for health and social care in Norway. Int. J. Circumpolar Health 63(4), 336–348 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. S. Olsson, A. Lymberis, D. Whitehouse, European commission activities in eHealth. Int. J. Circumpolar Health 63(4), 310–316 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. WHO|eHealth, Available at: http://www.who.int/ehealth/en/. Accessed 28 Jul 2020

  7. K.V.G. Reddy, Using teledentistry for providing the specialist access to rural Indians. Indian J. Dent. Res. 22(2), 189 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. N. Giraudeau, C. Inquimbert, R. Delafoy, P. Tramini, J. Jean Valcarcel, F. Meroueh, Teledentistry, new oral care tool for prisoners. Int. J. Prison Health 13(2), 124–134 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Colegio de cirujanos dentistas de Costa Rica—Colegiados. Fiscalía Informa: Protocolo Teleconsulta Dental (2020). Available at: http://www.colegiodentistas.org/sitCol/2020/04/24/protocolo-teleconsulta-dental-2020/. Accessed 8 Sep 2020

  10. Anitua Eduardo. OralDX (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  11. N. Haron, R.B. Zain, A. Ramanathan, M.T. Abraham, C.S. Liew, K.G. Ng et al., m-Health for early detection of oral cancer in low- and middle-income countries. Telemed. J. E-Health 26(3), 278–285 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Xu, Y. Li, F. Gan, Y. Du, Y. Yao, Salivary glands: potential reservoirs for COVID-19 asymptomatic Infection. J. Dent. Res. 99(8), 989–989 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. A. Dziedzic, R. Wojtyczka, The impact of coronavirus infectious disease 19 (COVID-19) on oral health. Oral Dis. (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  14. X. Qu, X.D. Zhou, Psychological intervention for patients with oral disease during the pandemic period of COVID-19. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 55(4), 235–240 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. Giudice, S. Barone, D. Muraca, F. Averta, F. Diodati, A. Antonelli, et al., Can teledentistry improve the monitoring of patients during the Covid-19 dissemination? A descriptive pilot study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17(10) (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  16. S. Ghai, Teledentistry during COVID-19 pandemic. Diab. Metab. Syndr. 14(5), 933–935 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. The Australian Dental Association (2020). Available at: https://www.ada.org.au/Covid-19-Portal/Cards/Dental-Profesionals/Practice-Policies/ADA-Guidelines-for-Teledentistry. Accessed 29 Aug 2020

  18. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 392, 1789–8583 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  19. M. Estai, Y. Kanagasingam, M. Tennant, S. Bunt, A systematic review of the research evidence for the benefits of teledentistry. J. Telemed. Telecare 24(3), 147–156 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. H.S. Moon, T.T. Wang, K. Rajasekaran, R. Brewster, R.M. Shanti, N. Panchal, Optimizing telemedicine encounters for oral and maxillofacial surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  21. M. Bradley, P. Black, S. Noble, R. Thompson, P.J. Lamey, Application of teledentistry in oral medicine in a community dental service. N. Ireland. Br. Dent. J. 209(8), 399–404 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. C.C. Torres-Pereira, I.A.C. Morosini, R.S. Possebon, A.F. Giovanini, M.C. Bortoluzzi, J.C. Leão, et al., Teledentistry: distant diagnosis of oral disease using e-mails. Telemed. J. E Health 19(2), 117–121 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  23. M. Roxo-Gonçalves, M.A. Trevizani Martins, M.D. Martins, C.A. Aita Schmitz, R.G. Dal Moro, O.P. D’Avila et al., Perceived usability of a store and forward telehealth platform for diagnosis and management of oral mucosal lesions: a cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE 15(6), e0233572 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. V.C. Carrard, M. Roxo Gonçalves, J. Rodriguez Strey, C. Pilz, M. Martins, M.D. Martins et al., Telediagnosis of oral lesions in primary care: the EstomatoNet program. Oral Dis. 24(6), 1012–1019 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. M. Miladinović, D. Mladenović, B. Mihailović, G.T.B. Djndjić, S. Mladenović, M. Hadzibeti et al., Evaluation of telemedicine in the management of dentogenous infections. Vojnosanit. Pregl. 70(6), 569–575 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. E.W. Wood, R.A. Strauss, C. Janus, C.K. Carrico, Telemedicine consultations in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a follow-up study. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 74(2), 262–268 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. M.J.E. Jacobs, M.J. Edmondson, J.C. Lowry, Accuracy of diagnosis of fractures by maxillofacial and accident and emergency doctors using plain radiography compared with a telemedicine system: a prospective study. Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 40(2), 156–162 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. J. Teoh, A. Hsueh, R. Mariño, D. Manton, K. Hallett, Economic evaluation of teledentistry in cleft lip and palate patients. Telemed. J. E-Health 24(6), 449–456 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. T.W.M. Walker, A. Chadha, W. Rodgers, C. Mills, P. Ayliffe, Electronic follow-up of develo** world cleft patients: a digital dream? Telemed. J. E-Health 23(10), 847–851 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. J.H. López, C.I.S. Fernández, A.R. Mayordomo, D.M. Ramírez, F. Garrachón, P.S. Moya et al., Telemedicina en cirugía maxilofacial. Revista española de cirugía oral y maxilofacial: Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Española de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial 30(2), 81–89 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  31. C.I. Salazar-Fernandez, J. Herce, A. Garcia-Palma, J. Delgado, J.F. Martín, T. Soto, Telemedicine as an effective tool for the management of temporomandibular joint disorders. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 70(2), 295–301 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. M. Duka, B. Mihailović, M. Miladinović, A. Janković, B. Vujicić, Evaluation of telemedicine systems for impacted third molars diagnosis. Vojnosanit. Pregl. 66(12), 985–991 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. C. Maspero, A. Abate, D. Cavagnetto, M. El Morsi, A. Fama, M. Farronato, Available technologies, applications and benefits of teleorthodontics. A literature review and possible applications during the COVID-19 pandemic. J. Clin. Med. 9(6) (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  34. T. Squires, D. Michelogiannakis, P.E. Rossouw, F. Javed, An evidence-based review of the scope and potential ethical concerns of teleorthodontics. J. Dent. Educ. (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  35. J. Berndt, P. Leone, G. King, Using teledentistry to provide interceptive orthodontic services to disadvantaged children. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 134(5), 700–706 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. J. Cook, C. Mullings, R. Vowles, R. Ireland, C. Stephens, Online orthodontic advice: a protocol for a pilot teledentistry system. J. Telemed. Telecare 7(6), 324–333 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. N.A. Mandall, K.D. O’Brien, J. Brady, H.V. Worthington, L. Harvey, Teledentistry for screening new patient orthodontic referrals. Part 1: a randomised controlled trial. Br. Dent. J. 199(10), 659–662, discussion 653 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  38. J. García Barbero, Traumatología dentaria, in Patología y Terapéutica Dental (Elsevier, 2015), pp. 659–661

    Google Scholar 

  39. R. de Almeida Geraldino, L.V.M.L. Rezende, C.Q. da-Silva, J.C.F. Almeida. Remote diagnosis of traumatic dental injuries using digital photographs captured via a mobile phone. Dent. Traumatol. 33(5), 350–357 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  40. W. Park, H. Lee, J. Jeong, J. Kwon, G.H. Lee, K. Kim, Optimal protocol for teleconsultation with a cellular phone for dentoalveolar trauma: an in-vitro study. Imaging Sci. Dent. 42(2), 71–75 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. H. Avula, Tele-periodontics—oral health care at a grass root level. J. Indian Soc. Periodontol. 19(5), 589 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. C.B. Staudt, S. Kinzel, S. Hassfeld, W. Stein, H.J. Staehle, C.E. Dörfer, Computer-based intraoral image analysis of the clinical plaque removing capacity of 3 manual toothbrushes. J. Clin. Periodontol. 28(8), 746–752 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. E.R. Hoskin, A.V. Keenan, Can we trust visual methods alone for detecting caries in teeth? Evid. Based Dent. 17(2), 41–42 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. M. Estai, Y. Kanagasingam, B. Huang, J. Shiikha, E. Kruger, S. Bunt et al., Comparison of a smartphone-based photographic method with face-to-face caries assessment: a mobile teledentistry model. Telemed. J. E-Health 23(5), 435–440 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. M.S. AlShaya, M.K. Assery, S.C. Pani, Reliability of mobile phone teledentistry in dental diagnosis and treatment planning in mixed dentition. J. Telemed. Telecare 26(1–2), 45–52 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. W.P. Baker, R.J. Loushine, L.A. West, L.V. Kudryk, J.R. Zadinsky, Interpretation of artificial and in vivo periapical bone lesions comparing conventional viewing versus a video conferencing system. J. Endod. 26(1), 39–41 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. D. Brüllmann, I. Schmidtmann, K. Warzecha, B. d’Hoedt, Recognition of root canal orifices at a distance—a preliminary study of teledentistry. J. Telemed. Telecare 17(3), 154–157 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. E.M. Strehle, N. Shabde, One hundred years of telemedicine: does this new technology have a place in paediatrics? Arch. Dis. Child. 91(12), 956–959 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. D.T. Kopycka-Kedzierawski, C.H. Bell, R.J. Billings, Prevalence of dental caries in Early Head Start children as diagnosed using teledentistry. Pediatr. Dent. 30(4), 329–333 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  50. R. Amável, R. Cruz-Correia, J. Frias-Bulhosa, Remote diagnosis of children dental problems based on non-invasive photographs—a valid proceeding? Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 150, 458–462 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  51. B.M. Purohit, A. Singh, A. Dwivedi, Utilization of teledentistry as a tool to screen for dental caries among 12-year-old school children in a rural region of India. J. Public Health Dent. 77(2), 174–180 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. S.W. McLaren, D.T. Kopycka-Kedzierawski, J. Nordfelt, Accuracy of teledentistry examinations at predicting actual treatment modality in a pediatric dentistry clinic. J. Telemed. Telecare 23(8), 710–715 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. J.P. Machado, X.T. Lam, J. Chen, Use of a clinical decision support tool for the management of traumatic dental injuries in the primary dentition by novice and expert clinicians. Dent. Traumatol. 34(2), 120–128 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. F.A. Spitznagel, J. Boldt, P.C. Gierthmuehlen, CAD/CAM ceramic restorative materials for natural teeth. J. Dent. Res. 97(10), 1082–1091 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. E. Ignatius, S. Perälä, K. Mäkelä, Use of videoconferencing for consultation in dental prosthetics and oral rehabilitation. J. Telemed. Telecare 16(8), 467–470 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. H. Nickenig, M. Wichmann, A. Schlegel, S. Eitner, Use of telemedicine for pre-implant dental assessment—a comparative study. J. Telemed. Telecare 14(2), 93–97 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. A. Keeppanasserril, A. Matthew, S. Muddappa, Effectiveness of tele-guided interceptive prosthodontic treatment in rural India: a comparative pilot study. Online J. Public Health Inform. 3(2) (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  58. A. Queyroux, B. Saricassapian, D. Herzog, K. Müller, I. Herafa, D. Ducoux et al., Accuracy of teledentistry for diagnosing dental pathology using direct examination as a gold standard: results of the tel-e-dent study of older adults living in nursing homes. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. 18(6), 528–532 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. R. Mariño, A. Ghanim, Teledentistry: a systematic review of the literature. J. Telemed. Telecare 19(4), 179–183 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. J. Chen, M.H. Hobdell, K. Dunn, K.A. Johnson, J. Zhang, Teledentistry and its use in dental education. J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 134(3), 342–346 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. S.A. AlKlayb, M.K. Assery, A. AlQahtani, M. AlAnazi, S.C. Pani, Comparison of the effectiveness of a mobile phone-based education program in educating mothers as oral health providers in two regions of Saudi Arabia. J. Int. Soc. Prev. Community Dent. 7(3), 110–115 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  62. H.K. Yuen, C. Pope, Oral home telecare for adults with tetraplegia: a feasibility study. Spec. Care Dentist. 29(5), 204–209 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. W.A. Odendaal, J. Anstey Watkins, N. Leon, J. Goudge, F. Griffiths, M. Tomlinson, K. Daniels, Percepciones y experiencias de los profesionales sanitarios sobre la utilización de tecnologías de mSalud para la prestación de servicios de atención primaria de salud: una síntesis de evidencia cualitativa (2020). Available at: http://www.cochrane.org/es/CD011942/EPOC_percepciones-y-experiencias-de-los-profesionales-sanitarios-sobre-la-utilizacion-de-tecnologias-de. Accessed 28 Jul 2020

  64. D. Pradhan, P. Verma, L. Sharma, T. Khaitan, Knowledge, awareness, and attitude regarding teledentistry among postgraduate dental students of Kanpur city, India: a questionnaire study. J. Educ. Health Promot. 8, 104 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  65. M. Boringi, S. Waghray, R. Lavanya, D.B.G. Babu, R.K. Badam, N. Harsha, et al., Knowledge and awareness of teledentistry among dental professionals—a cross sectional study. J. Clin. Diagn. Res. 9(8), ZC41–44 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  66. M. Estai, E. Kruger, M. Tennant, Perceptions of Australian dental practitioners about using telemedicine in dental practice. Br. Dent. J. 220(1), 25–29 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. S.M. Bradley, S. Williams, J. D’Cruz, A. Vania, Profiling the interest of general dental practitioners in West Yorkshire in using teledentistry to obtain advice from orthodontic consultants. Prim. Dent. Care 14(3), 117–122 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. M. Estai, Y. Kanagasingam, D. **ao, J. Vignarajan, S. Bunt, E. Kruger et al., End-user acceptance of a cloud-based teledentistry system and Android phone app for remote screening for oral diseases. J. Telemed. Telecare 23(1), 44–52 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. R. Petcu, C. Kimble, R. Ologeanu-Taddei, I. Bourdon, N. Giraudeau, Assessing patient’s perception of oral teleconsultation. Int. J. Technol. Assess. Health Care 33(2), 147–154 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. N. Rahman, S. Nathwani, T. Kandiah, Teledentistry from a patient perspective during the coronavirus pandemic. Br. Dent. J. (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  71. J.H. Alabdullah, S.J. Daniel, A systematic review on the validity of teledentistry. Telemed. J. E-Health 24(8), 639–648 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. R. Mariño, U. Tonmukayakul, D. Manton, A. Stranieri, K. Clarke, Cost-analysis of teledentistry in residential aged care facilities. J. Telemed. Telecare 22(6), 326–332 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. C.B. da Costa, F.d.S. Peralta, F. de Mello, A. Lúcia Schaefer, How has teledentistry been applied in public dental health services? An integrative review. Telemed. J. E Health 26(7), 945–954 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  74. Ethical Practice in Telemedicine (2016) Available at: https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/ethics/ethical-practice-telemedicine. Accessed 6 Sep 2020

  75. A. Bhargava, B. Sabbarwal, A. Jaggi, S. Chand, S. Tandon, Teledentistry: a literature review of evolution and ethicolegal aspects. JGOH 2(2), 128–133 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. G. Marta, Telemedicina durante Covid-19: tips legales para el tratamiento de datos personales (2020). Available at: https://www.redaccionmedica.com/opinion/telemedicina-durante-covid-19-tips-legales-para-el-tratamiento-de-datos-personales-7259. Accessed 8 Sep 2020

  77. D.T. Golder, K.A. Brennan, Practicing dentistry in the age of telemedicine. J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 131(6), 734–744 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. ADA Policy on Teledentistry (2015). Available at: https://www.ada.org/en/about-the-ada/ada-positions-policies-and-statements/statement-on-teledentistry. Accessed 9 Sep 2020

  79. M. Matej, E-prescription rate U.S. 2019 (2020). Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/864380/share-of-us-e-prescriptions/. Accessed 20 Sep 2020

  80. A. Motulsky, M. Liang, M. Moreault, E. Borycki, A. Kushniruk, C. Sicotte, Evaluation of a nationwide e-Prescribing system. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 264, 714–718 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  81. J. Brennan, A. McElligott, N. Power, National health models and the adoption of eHealth and ePrescribing in primary care—new evidence from Europe. BMJ Health Care Inform. 22(4) (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  82. M.T. Baysari, M.Z. Raban, The safety of computerised prescribing in hospitals. Aust. Prescr. 42(4), 136–138 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  83. A. Porterfield, K. Engelbert, A. Coustasse, Electronic prescribing: improving the efficiency and accuracy of prescribing in the ambulatory care setting. Perspect. Health Inf. Manag. 11(Spring) (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  84. J.I. Westbrook, M.T. Baysari, L. Li, R. Burke, K.L. Richardson, R.O. Day, The safety of electronic prescribing: manifestations, mechanisms, and rates of system-related errors associated with two commercial systems in hospitals. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 20(6), 1159–1167 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  85. J. Yang, Y. Liao, W. Lin, W. Wu, Prescribing errors in electronic prescriptions for outpatients intercepted by pharmacists and the impact of prescribing workload on error rate in a Chinese tertiary-care women and children’s hospital. BMC Health Serv. Res. 19(1), 1013 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  86. M.V.d. Vreede, J.d. Clifford, A. McGrath, Staff experience and perceptions of the safety and risks of electronic medication management systems in Victorian public hospitals. J. Pharm. Pract. Res. 48(1), 18–25 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  87. L.J. Schleiden, O.K. Odukoya, M.A. Chui, Older adults’ perceptions of e-prescribing: impact on patient care. Perspect. Health Inf. Manag. 12, 1d (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  88. K.L. Lapane, C. Dubé, K.L. Schneider, B.J. Quilliam, Patient perceptions regarding electronic prescriptions: is the geriatric patient ready? J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 55(8), 1254–1259 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mario Pérez Sayáns .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Pérez González, A., Gallas Torreira, M., Chamorro Petronacci, C.M., Pérez Sayáns, M. (2021). Teledentistry: A New Approach in Dental Medicine. In: Marques, G., Kumar Bhoi, A., de la Torre Díez, I., Garcia-Zapirain, B. (eds) Enhanced Telemedicine and e-Health. Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, vol 410. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70111-6_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation