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Engineering Approaches to Create Antibacterial Surfaces on Biomedical Implants and Devices

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Racing for the Surface

Abstract

Bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on biomedical surfaces remain the annoying problems in global public health, causing severe infectious diseases and increasing health care costs. Moreover, the continued increase in the number of multidrug-resistant bacteria and their fast evolution induce a serious concern with the lack of development of new antimicrobials. These problems have initiated numerous research efforts to develop more effective antimicrobial surfaces through different engineering approaches to prohibit bacterial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation. In this review, we summarize the engineering technologies for constructing antibacterial surfaces from the conventional to the cutting-edge strategies. Most of the traditional methods are based on the antifouling coatings and the release of toxic biocides from the chemically modified substrates. Antimicrobial nanoparticles can actively inhibit biofilm formation or other essential processes in the drug resistance mechanisms of bacteria. Thus, the combined use of bactericidal nanoparticles and antifouling polymers for functionalized organic–inorganic platforms has been investigated to enhance antibacterial performance. In recent years, unique surface topographies of antibacterial, natural surfaces have been discovered and studied with the increased understanding of the interaction between bacteria and substrates. We introduce various natural surfaces and artificial implantable biomaterials, which present the bactericidal surface topographies, along with their bactericidal mechanisms and efficiency. The use of biomimetic, nanotextured surfaces is a promising approach to overcome the current challenges for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria.

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Acknowledgments

This work is partially supported by Dr. Jang’s startup funds provided from Department of Chemical Engineering and Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering at the University of Florida. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the helpful comments and suggestions of the reviewers, which have improved the presentation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Ruwen Tan & Yeongseon Jang

  2. School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    ** Yoo

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  1. Ruwen Tan
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  2. ** Yoo
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  3. Yeongseon Jang
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Correspondence to Yeongseon Jang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    Bingyun Li

  2. Microbiology Lab, AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Graubünden, Switzerland

    Thomas Fintan Moriarty

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA

    Thomas Webster

  4. Engineering and Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Malcolm **ng

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Tan, R., Yoo, J., Jang, Y. (2020). Engineering Approaches to Create Antibacterial Surfaces on Biomedical Implants and Devices. In: Li, B., Moriarty, T., Webster, T., **ng, M. (eds) Racing for the Surface. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34475-7_14

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