SpringerLink
Log in

Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Processing: A Low Heat Input Grain Refinement Technique for Magnesium Alloy

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Friction Stir Welding and Processing X

Part of the book series: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series ((MMMS))

Abstract

Stationary shoulder friction stir processing (SSFSP) as a low heat input grain refinement technique is projected in this study. SSFSP can be considered as a variant of friction stir processing (FSP) with modified tooling system. It uses stationary shoulder tool and rotating probe, which helps to reduce heat input in great manner during process. Present work aims to refine grain size in thick AZ31B magnesium alloy using SSFSP without using external cooling at different tool rotational speeds (700–1300 rpm). The smooth surface with little flash without any defect was obtained in all the samples, which had confirmed the wide processing range of SSFSP. Probe-dominated stir zone (SZ) achieved for all rotational speeds, which confirmed smaller temperature gradient throughout the SZ thickness. SZ produced at the lowest rotational speed (700 rpm) exhibited reduction in grain size and subsequently enhancement in mechanical properties (hardness and tensile).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Nene SS, Liu K, Frank M, Mishra RS, Brennan RE, Cho KC, Li Z, Raabe D (2017) Enhanced strength and ductility in a friction stir processing engineered dual phase high entropy alloy. Sci Rep 7(1):161–167. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16509-9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Komarasamy M, Mishra RS, Baumann JA, Grant G, Hovanski Y (2013) Processing, microstructure and mechanical property correlation in Al-B4C surface composite produced via friction stir processing. In: Friction stir welding and processing VII. Springer, pp 39–46

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ma ZY, Feng AH, Chen DL, Shen J (2018) Recent advances in friction stir welding/processing of aluminum alloys: microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. Crit Rev Solid State Mater Sci 43(4):269–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2017.1358145

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Patel VV, Li WY, Vairis A, Badheka VJ (2018) Recent development in friction stir processing as a solid-state grain refinement technique: microstructural evolution and property enhancement. Crit Rev Solid State Mater Sci (In Press)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mishra RS, Mahoney M, McFadden S, Mara N, Mukherjee A (1999) High strain rate superplasticity in a friction stir processed 7075 Al alloy. Scripta Mater 42(2):163–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Patel VV, Badheka V, Kumar A (2016) Influence of friction stir processed parameters on superplasticity of Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy. Mater Manuf Process 31(12):1573–1582. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2015.1103868

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Patel VV, Badheka V, Kumar A (2017) Effect of polygonal pin profiles on friction stir processed superplasticity of AA7075 alloy. J Mater Process Technol 240:68–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.09.009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Patel VV, Badheka V, Kumar A (2016) Friction stir processing as a novel technique to achieve superplasticity in aluminum alloys: process variables, variants, and applications. Metallogr Microstruct Anal 5(4):278–293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Rathee S, Maheshwari S, Siddiquee AN, Srivastava M (2017) A review of recent progress in solid state fabrication of composites and functionally graded systems via friction stir processing. Crit Rev Solid State Mater Sci 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408436.2017.1358146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Jesus JS, Costa JM, Loureiro A, Ferreira JM (2017) Fatigue strength improvement of GMAW T-welds in AA 5083 by friction-stir processing. Int J Fatigue 97(Supp C):124–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.12.034

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Yang K, Li WY, Niu PL, Yang XW, Xu YX (2018) Cold sprayed AA2024/Al2O3 metal matrix composites improved by friction stir processing: microstructure characterization, mechanical performance and strengthening mechanisms. J Alloy Compd 736:115–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.11.132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Yang K, Li WY, Huang CJ, Yang XW, Xu YX (2018) Optimization of cold-sprayed AA2024/Al2O3 metal matrix composites via friction stir processing: effect of rotation speeds. J Mater Sci Technol 34(11):2167–2177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2018.03.016

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Alavi Nia A, Omidvar H, Nourbakhsh SH (2014) Effects of an overlap** multi-pass friction stir process and rapid cooling on the mechanical properties and microstructure of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Mater Des 58(Supp C):298–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.01.069

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Darras B, Kishta E (2013) Submerged friction stir processing of AZ31 Magnesium alloy. Mater Des 47(Supp C):133–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.12.026

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Chang CI, Du XH, Huang JC (2008) Producing nanograined microstructure in Mg–Al–Zn alloy by two-step friction stir processing. Scripta Mater 59(3):356–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2008.04.003

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Zhou Z, Yue Y, Ji S, Li Z, Zhang L (2017) Effect of rotating speed on joint morphology and lap shear properties of stationary shoulder friction stir lap welded 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 88(5–8):2135–2141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Wen Q, Li WY, Wang WB, Wang FF, Gao YJ, Patel V (2018) Experimental and numerical investigations of bonding interface behavior in stationary shoulder friction stir lap welding. J Mater Sci Technol (In Press). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2018.09.028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ji S, Meng X, Liu J, Zhang L, Gao S (2014) Formation and mechanical properties of stationary shoulder friction stir welded 6005A-T6 aluminum alloy. Mater Des 1980–2015(62):113–117

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Yuan W, Mishra RS, Carlson B, Mishra R, Verma R, Kubic R (2011) Effect of texture on the mechanical behavior of ultrafine grained magnesium alloy. Scripta Mater 64(6):580–583

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Yuan W, Mishra RS (2012) Grain size and texture effects on deformation behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Mater Sci Eng 558(Supp C):716–724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.08.080

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank for the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB1100104). We also want to acknowledge the editorial committee, organizer(s) of Friction Stir Welding and Processing X, and TMS for recognizing our research work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, **’an, 710072, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Vivek Patel, Wenya Li, Quan Wen, Yu Su & Na Li

Authors
  1. Vivek Patel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Wenya Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Quan Wen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yu Su
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Na Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vivek Patel .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA

    Yuri Hovanski

  2. University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA

    Rajiv Mishra

  3. Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

    Yutaka Sato

  4. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA

    Piyush Upadhyay

  5. San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA

    David Yan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Patel, V., Li, W., Wen, Q., Su, Y., Li, N. (2019). Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Processing: A Low Heat Input Grain Refinement Technique for Magnesium Alloy. In: Hovanski, Y., Mishra, R., Sato, Y., Upadhyay, P., Yan, D. (eds) Friction Stir Welding and Processing X. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05752-7_20

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation