Methods for the Determination of Plasma or Tissue Glutathione Levels

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Developmental Toxicology

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 889))

Abstract

We present two different methods for determining levels of glutathione in complex biological samples and plasma. The DTNB/GR enzyme recycling method is sensitive and requires no specialized equipment. The HPLC method is particularly useful for situations in which sample amounts are limited. Detailed instructions for performing each method as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed in this chapter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yam J, Frank L, Roberts RJ (1978) Age-related development of pulmonary antioxidant enzymes in the rat. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 157:293–296

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Frank L, Sosenko IR (1987) Prenatal development of lung antioxidant enzymes in four species. J Pediatr 110:106–110

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Frank L, Sosenko IR (1987) Development of lung antioxidant enzyme system in late gestation: possible implications for the prematurely born infant. J Pediatr 110:9–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Franklin CC, Backos DS, Mohar I, White CC, Forman HJ, Kavanagh TJ (2009) Structure, function, and post-translational regulation of the catalytic and modifier subunits of glutamate cysteine ligase. Mol Aspects Med 30:86–98

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Dalton TP, Dieter MZ, Yang Y, Shertzer HG, Nebert DW (2000) Knockout of the mouse glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc) gene: embryonic lethal when homozygous, and proposed model for moderate glutathione deficiency when heterozygous. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 279:324–329

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Dalton TP, Chen Y, Schneider SN, Nebert DW, Shertzer HG (2004) Genetically altered mice to evaluate glutathione homeostasis in health and disease. Free Radic Biol Med 37:1511–1526

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Tietze F (1969) Enzymic method for quantitative determination of nanogram amounts of total and oxidized glutathione: applications to mammalian blood and other tissues. Anal Biochem 27:502–522

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Adams JD Jr, Lauterburg BH, Mitchell JR (1983) Plasma glutathione and glutathione disulfide in the rat: regulation and response to oxidative stress. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 227:749–754

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Smith CV, Hansen TN, Martin NE, McMicken HW, Elliott SJ (1993) Oxidant stress responses in premature infants during exposure to hyperoxia. Pediatr Res 34:360–365

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Reed DJ, Babson JR, Beatty PW, Brodie AE, Ellis WW, Potter DW (1980) High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of nanomole levels of glutathione, glutathione disulfide, and related thiols and disulfides. Anal Biochem 106:55–62

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Martin J, White IN (1991) Fluorimetric determination of oxidised and reduced glutathione in cells and tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography following derivatization with dansyl chloride. J Chromatogr 568:219–225

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Jones DP, Carlson JL, Samiec PS, Sternberg P Jr, Mody VC Jr, Reed RL, Brown LA (1998) Glutathione measurement in human plasma. Evaluation of sample collection, storage and derivatization conditions for analysis of dansyl derivatives by HPLC. Clin Chim Acta 275:175–184

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Rogers LK, Leinweber BL, Smith CV (2006) Detection of reversible protein thiol modifications in tissues. Anal Biochem 358:171–184

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Santori G, Domenicotti C, Bellocchio A, Pronzato MA, Marinari UM, Cottalasso D (1997) Different efficacy of iodoacetic acid and N-ethylmaleimide in high-performance liquid chromatographic measurement of liver glutathione. J Chromatogr B: Biomed Sci Appl 695:427–433

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Kathryn Heyob for her assistance in the preparation of this chapter. This work was supported by 5K08HL093365-02 (T.E.T.).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Trent E. Tipple M.D .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Tipple, T.E., Rogers, L.K. (2012). Methods for the Determination of Plasma or Tissue Glutathione Levels. In: Harris, C., Hansen, J. (eds) Developmental Toxicology. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 889. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-867-2_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-867-2_20

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-866-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-867-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation