Abstract
Plants react to the attack of pathogen microorganisms by mounting appropriate and efficient downstream defense responses often involving a form of localized cell death called hypersensitive response (HR).
Here we describe an innovative and noninvasive protocol based on in vivo bioimaging technique coupled with utilization of genetically encoded fluorescent sensors that allows to monitor and analyze intracellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics and changes of the glutathione redox status taking place in plant organs during plant interaction with the HR-inducing bacteria Pseudomonas syringae (PstAvrB).
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Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. Elodie Vandelle (University of Verona) for critical reading of the manuscript. A.C. acknowledges funding by Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca through the FIRB 2010 program (RBFR10S1LJ_001) and by the Linea 2 2016 Project from the University of Milan.
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Doccula, F.G., Luoni, L., Behera, S., Bonza, M.C., Costa, A. (2018). In Vivo Analysis of Calcium Levels and Glutathione Redox Status in Arabidopsis Epidermal Leaf Cells Infected with the Hypersensitive Response-Inducing Bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato AvrB (PstAvrB). In: De Gara, L., Locato, V. (eds) Plant Programmed Cell Death. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1743. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7668-3_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7668-3_12
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