The scope of potential fertility issues for pediatric cancer patients is broad and difficult to predict. Both genders are susceptible to central dysregulation of the hypothalamic axis. For boys, chemotherapy and radiation can affect production of both sex hormones and sperm. These effects can be reversible or permanent. For girls, the ovary can be similarly affected, with inadequate or absent hormone production and depletion of ovarian follicle reserve. Additionally, even in a young woman with normal puberty and early fertility, premature menopause is a possibility after certain exposures. Finally, the uterus can be affected by radiation and create problems in carrying a normal pregnancy to term, even if hormonal fertility is achieved.
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Dilley, K.J. (2007). Managing Fertility in Childhood Cancer Patients. In: Woodruff, T.K., Snyder, K.A. (eds) Oncofertility Fertility Preservation for Cancer Survivors. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 138. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72293-1_4
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