Abstract
Non-functional requirements significantly affect and determine the quality of software systems. In this paper it is shown how non-functional requirements are modelled in MIKE, an approach to the development of knowledge-based systems. A semi-formal hypermedia-based model is used to describe the results of the elicitation and interpretation of non-functional requirements and their relationships. Non-functional requirements are the driving force behind the decisions taken in the design phase of MIKE. The impact of non-functional requirements on design decisions and interdependencies between design decisions are explicitly recorded in an additional model in MIKE, thus resulting in a rich documentation of the rationale of design decisions and also providing an important contribution to the traceability of these requirements.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. Angele: Operationalisierung des Modells der Expertise (Operationalization of the Model of Expertise). Dissertation, Infix, St. Augustin / Germany, 1993 (in German).
J. Angele, D. Fensel, D. Landes, S. Neubert, and R. Studer: Model-Based and Incremental Knowledge Engineering: The MIKE Approach. In Knowledge Oriented Software Design, J. Cuena, ed. IFIP Transactions A-27, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1993, 139–168.
J. Angele, D. Fensel, and R. Studer: The model of expertise in KARL. In Proceedings of the 2nd World Congress on Expert Systems (Lisbon/Estoril, Portugal, January 10–14), 1994.
D.N. Card and R.L. Glass: Measuring Software Design Quality. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1990.
L. Chung: Representation and utilization of non-functional requirements for information system design. In Advanced Information Systems Engineering, R. Andersen et al., eds. LNCS 498, Springer, Berlin, 1991, 5–30.
L. Chung, P. Katalagarianos, M. Marakakis, M. Mertikas, J. Mylopoulos, and Y. Vassiliou: Map** information systems requirements to designs. In Database Applications Engineering with DAIDA, M. Jarke, ed. Research Reports ESPRIT Project 892 DAIDA Vol. 1, Springer, Berlin, 1993, 243–280.
A. Dardenne, A. van Lamsweerde, and S. Fickas: Goal-directed requirements acquisition. In Science of Computer Programming 20, 1993, 3–50.
D. Fensel: The Knowledge Acquisition and Representation Language KARL. Kluwer, Boston, 1995.
B.R. Gaines and M. Musen, eds.: Proceedings of the 8th Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-Based Systems Workshop KAW'94 (Banff, Canada, January 30–February 4). SRDG Publications, University of Calgary, 1994.
B.R. Gaines and M. Musen, eds.: Proceedings of the 9th Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-Based Sytems Workshop KAW'95 (Banff, Canada, February 26–March 3). SRDG Publications, University of Calgary, 1995.
G. Guida and G. Mauri: Evaluating performance and quality of knowledge-based systems: foundation and methodology. In IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 5(2), 1993, 204–224.
IEEE Computer Society: IEEE Standard for a Software Quality Metrics Methodology. IEEE Std 1061-1992, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, 1993.
S.E. Keller, L.G. Kahn, and R.B. Panara: Specifying software quality requirements with metrics. In System and Software Requirements Engineering, R.H. Thayer and M. Dorfman, eds. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos, 1990, 145–163.
D. Landes: DesignKARL — A language for the design of knowledge-based systems. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering SEKE'94 (Jurmala, Latvia, June 20–23), 1994,78–85.
D. Landes: Die Entwurfsphase in MIKE — Methode und Beschreibungssprache (The Design Phase in MIKE — Method and Description Language). Dissertation, Infix, St. Augustin / Germany, 1995 (in German).
D. Landes and R. Studer: The design process in MIKE. In [9], 33/1–33/20.
D. Landes and R. Studer: Mechanisms for structuring knowledge-based systems. In Database and Expert Systems Applications, D. Karagiannis, ed. LNCS 856, Springer, Berlin, 1994, 488–497.
J. Lee: Extending the Potts and Bruns model for recording design rationale. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Software Engineering (Austin, Texas, May 13–17), 1991, 114–125.
J. Mylopoulos, L. Chung, and B. Nixon: Representing and using non-functional requirements: a process-oriented approach. In IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 18(6), 1992, 483–497.
S. Neubert: Model construction in MIKE (Model-based and Incremental Knowledge Engineering). In Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-Based Systems, N. Aussenac et al., eds. LNAI 723, Springer, Berlin, 1993, 200–219.
S. Neubert and F. Maurer: A tool for model-based knowledge engineering. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Tools, Techniques, Methods and Applications Avignon'93 (Avignon, France, May 24–28), 1993, 427–436.
H.A. Partsch: Specification and Transformation of Programs. Springer, Berlin, 1990.
K. Poeck, D. Fensel, D. Landes, and J. Angele: Combining KARL and configurable role limiting methods for configuring elevator systems. In [9], 41/1–41/32.
K. Pohl, G. Starke, and P. Peters, eds.: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Requirements Engineering: Foundation of Software Quality — REFSQ'94. Augustinus Verlag, Aachen / Germany, 1994.
C. Potts and G. Brans: Recording the reasons for design decisions. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Software Engineering (Singapore, April 11–15), 1988, 418–427.
H. Rittel and M. Webber: Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. In Policy Sciences 4, 1973, 155–169.
J. Rumbaugh et al.: Object-Oriented Modelling and Design. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1991.
A. Shaw: Reasoning about time in higher level language software. In IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 15(7), 1989, 875–889.
S. Buckingham Shum and N. Hammond: Argumentation-based design rationale. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 40(4), 1994, 653–676.
C.U. Smith and L.G. Williams: Software performance engineering: a case study including performance comparison with design alternatives. In IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 19(7), 1993, 720–741.
A. Stutt and E. Motta: Recording the design decisions of knowledge engineers to facilitate re-use of design models. In [10], 33/1–33/19.
J. Vanwelkeahuysen: Embedding non-functional requirements analyses in conceptual knowledge systems designs. In [10], 45/1–45/15.
F. Zimmer: Werkzeugunterstützung zur Modellierung nicht-funktionaler Anforderungen in MIKE (Tool Support for Modelling Non-Functional Requirements in MIKE). Master's Thesis, University of Karlsruhe (in German, in preparation).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Landes, D., Studer, R. (1995). The treatment of non-functional requirements in MIKE. In: Schäfer, W., Botella, P. (eds) Software Engineering — ESEC '95. ESEC 1995. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 989. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60406-5_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60406-5_21
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-60406-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-45552-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive