Acute-Phase Proteins

Early in the twentieth century, acute-phase proteins (APPs) were discovered to be early responders to infectious illness. They are now recognized as a crucial component of the acute-phase response (APR), the core of innate immunity. APP has been demonstrated to be an effective biomarker as increases can occur following toxicant exposure with inflammation, infection, neoplasia, stress, and trauma. Inflammation is a sophisticated defensive process that protects organisms from various biological, chemical, or physical insults. The ability of the systems to properly recover from this damage depends on their ability to respond in the acute period. The “acute-phase proteins” in some plasma proteins undergo changes in concentration and structure due to the reaction. By assisting in identifying pathogen microorganisms and recruiting leukocytes from circulation to wounded or infected locations, the increases in the concentrations of these proteins can support host defense. Hepatocytes...