Bile Salt Export Pump

Bile salt export pump (BSEP), encoded by ABCB11, is a standard ABC transporter with two NBDs and two TMDs (each with six helices). Hepatocytes are the primary source of expression for BSEP, which facilitates the secretion of primary and secondary bile acids into bile for the liver’s clearance. A high-affinity taurocholate transporter primarily transports monovalent conjugated bile acids. It is also responsible for the high-affinity transport of glycochenodeoxycholate, glycocholate, and taurochenodeoxycholate, human bile’s primary bile salt species. Cells overexpressing BSEP efficiently extrude vinblastine, implying that BSEP takes vinblastine as a substrate. Other P-gp substrates, including vincristine, daunomycin, paclitaxel, digoxin, and rhodamine 123, are not affected by BSEP. Although BSEP transports medicines such as pravastatin and vinblastine, genetic diseases that disrupt BSEP function have been linked to clinical liver injury, such as progressive familial intrahepatic...