Abstract
Continuous use of hot mix asphalt (HMA) accelerates environmental deterioration, fossil fuel consumption, global warming, and depletion of natural resources. Further, waste generation and its disposal problem are also a threat to environment. The production of waste and the use of energy/virgin materials in HMA construction must be addressed concurrently. A right step toward the creation of environment-friendly road infrastructure is the use of Cold Bitumen Emulsion Mixtures (CBEMs), a form of Cold Mix Asphalt (CMA). Cold mix asphalt may be made more environment friendly by using waste materials as fine aggregates. In this study, Waste Glass (WG) is substituted for virgin fine aggregate at various percentages ranging from 0 to 100% (with 20% increments) in the binder layer of the CBEM. As per Marshall stability, Marshall flow, indirect tensile strength (ITS), and resilient modulus, the mechanical performance of CBEM-WG mixtures is assessed in this work. The performance of various CBEM-WG mixes is compared with each other, normal CBEM (NCBEM) and also with HMA. According to the findings, mechanical performance of CBEM having WG contents up to 60% was equivalent to that of normal CBEM (NCBEM) and conventional HMA, and it demonstrated superior performance at 60% plus WG content levels. The statistical analysis was performed to prove the feasibility and validity of replacing virgin materials with waste glass in terms of mechanical properties. The coefficient of determination R2 > 0.9 for all properties indicated addition of waste glass has significant impact on mechanical performance.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Su K, Maekawa R, Hachiya Y (2009) Laboratory evaluation of WMA mixture for use in airport pavement rehabilitation. Constr Build Mater 23(7):2709–2714
Capitão S, Picado-Santos L, Martinho F (2012) Pavement engineering materials: review on the use of warm-mix asphalt. Constr Build Mater 36:1016–1024
Rubio MC, Martínez G, Baena L, Moreno F (2012) Warm mix asphalt: an overview. J Clean Prod 24:76–84
Murphy DT, Emery JJ (1996) Modified cold in-place asphalt recycling. J Transp Res Board 1545(1):143–150. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154500119
Cohen E, Sidess A, Zoltan G (1989) Performance of a full-scale pavement using cold recycled asphalt mixture. Transp Res Record, J Transp Res Board 1228:88–93
**ao F, Yao S, Wang J, Li X, Amirkhanian S (2018) A literature review on cold recycling technology of asphalt pavement. Constr Build Mater 180:579–604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.006
Davidson JK, Kucharek A, Houston G (2005) A review of cold mix processes in CANADA. Canadian Technical Asphalt Association
Chehovits J, Galehouse L (2010) Energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions of pavement preservation processes for asphalt concrete pavements. National Centre for Pavement Preservation, Okemos, Michigan, United States
Vaitkus A, Cygas A, Laurinavicius A, Perveneckas Z (2009) Analysis and evaluation of possibilities for the use of warm mix asphalt in Lithuania. Baltic J Road Bridge Eng 4(2):80–86. https://doi.org/10.3846/1822-427x.2009.4.80-86
Pundhir NKS (2012) Construction of rural roads with cationic bitumen emulsion based cold mix technology. Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi
Thanaya I, Zoorob S, Forth J (2009) A laboratory study on cold mix, cold-lay emulsion mixtures. Proc ICE-Transp 1:47–55. https://doi.org/10.1680/tran.2009.162.1.47
Jarrett PM, Beaty ANS, Wojcik AS (1984) Cold-mix asphalt technology at temperatures below 10°C (with discussion). In: Proceedings of association of Asphalt paving technologists, 53, St. Paul, MN
Oruc S, Bostancioglu M, Yilmaz B (2013) Effect of residual asphalt content on creep strain of cement modified emulsified asphalt mixtures. J Civ Eng Urbanism 3(3):122–127
Cline WR (2004) Meeting the challenge of global warming, global crises, global solutions: First Edition, Copenhagen Consensus 2004 project
Needham D (1996) Developments in Bitumen emulsion mixtures for roads, PhD Thesis, University of Nottingham
Thanaya I (2003) Improving the performance of cold bituminous emulsion mixtures (CBEMs): incorporating waste. Doctoral Disertation, University of Leeds, UK
Oruc S, Celik F, Akpinar V (2007) Effect of cement on emulsified asphalt mixtures. J Mater Eng Perf 16(5):578–583
Al-Hdabi A, Al Nageim H (2018) Performance of half warm rolled Asphalt mixtures. Constr Build Mater 162:48–56
Oruc S, Celik F, Aksoy A (2006) Performance of cement modified dense graded cold-mix asphalt and establishing mathematical model. Indian J Eng Mater Sci 13:512–519
Al‐Busaltan S, Al Nageim H, Atherton W, Sharples G (2012) Mechanical properties of an upgrading cold mix Asphalt using waste materials. J Mater Civ Eng 24:1484‐1491
Al-Hdabi A, Al Nageim H (2017) Improving asphalt emulsion mixtures properties containing cementitious filler by adding GGBS. J Mater Civ Eng 29(5)
Niazi Y, Jalili M (2009) Effect of Portland cement and lime additives on properties of cold in-place recycled mixtures with asphalt emulsion. Constr Build Mater 23(3):1338–1343
Gómez-Meijide B, Pérez I (2014) Effects of the use of construction and demolition waste aggregates in cold asphalt mixtures. Constr Build Mater 51:267–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.10.096
Al-Hdabi A, Al Nageim H, Ruddock F, Seton L (2014) Laboratory studies to investigate the properties of novel cold-rolled asphalt containing cement and waste bottom ash. Road Mater Pavement Des 15(1):78–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2013.852612
MORTH (2013) Specifications for road and bridge works, Indian Roads Congress. New Delhi, India
Asphalt Institute (1989) Asphalt cold mix manual, Manual Series No. 14(MS-14), 3rd ed., Lexington, KY 40512–4052, USA
Jenkins KJ (2000) Mix design considerations for cold and half-warm bituminous mixes with emphasis of foamed bitumen. Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Stellenbosch
Guidelines for design of flexible pavements (IRC: 37) (2018) Indian Roads Congress, New Delhi, India
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Malik, M.I., Mir, M.S., Mohanty, B., Akhter, M. (2024). Stiffness and Cracking Resistance Evaluation of Cold Bitumen Emulsion Mixtures Incorporated with Waste Glass Aggregates. In: Singh, D., Maji, A., Karmarkar, O., Gupta, M., Velaga, N.R., Debbarma, S. (eds) Transportation Research. TPMDC 2022. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 434. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6090-3_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6090-3_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-99-6089-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-99-6090-3
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)