Abstract
In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the amount of focus placed on the utilization of nanocarriers as a novel technique for the delivery of phytochemicals in food. The potential of nanocarriers to improve the stability, targeting ability, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy of phytochemicals is the primary topic of this chapter. We examined the several nano-based carriers that are used for the onsite delivery of phytochemicals, focusing on their capacity to increase bioavailability and stability. In addition, the metabolic processes of phytochemicals when they are in the presence of nanocarriers are investigated, which sheds light on the possible interactions and changes that take place. In addition, the antimicrobial actions of phytochemicals as well as the health advantages connected with them are investigated, which provides insights into the prospective applications of these compounds. In general, this chapter gives a complete overview regarding nanocarriers application for the efficient delivery of phytochemicals in food and gives prospective pathways for increasing the functional characteristics and health-promoting impacts of these phytochemicals.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ahmad, R., et al., Phytochemical delivery through nanocarriers: a review. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2021. 197: p. 111389.
Conte, R., et al., Recent advances in nanoparticle-mediated delivery of anti-inflammatory phytocompounds. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2017. 18(4): p. 709.
Manickam, V., et al., Nanotechnology in Delivery and Targeting of Phytochemicals, in Nanopharmaceuticals: Principles and Applications Vol. 2, V.K. Yata, et al., Editors. 2021, Springer International Publishing: Cham. p. 211–264.
Son, Y.-R., et al., Bioefficacy of Graviola leaf extracts in scavenging free radicals and upregulating antioxidant genes. Food & function, 2016. 7(2): p. 861–871.
**ao, J., Y. Cao, and Q. Huang, Edible nanoencapsulation vehicles for oral delivery of phytochemicals: A perspective paper. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2017. 65(32): p. 6727–6735.
Sechene Stanley, G., Potential Adverse Effects of Alteration of Phytochemical Accumulation in Fruits and Vegetables, in Phytochemicals, A. Toshiki and A. Md, Editors. 2018, IntechOpen: Rijeka. p. Ch. 11.
Rudramurthy, G.R., et al., Nanoparticles: alternatives against drug-resistant pathogenic microbes. Molecules, 2016. 21(7): p. 836.
Martínez-Ballesta, M., et al., Nanoparticles and controlled delivery for bioactive compounds: Outlining challenges for new “smart-foods” for health. Foods, 2018. 7(5): p. 72.
Jahangirian, H., et al., A review of drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology and green chemistry: green nanomedicine. International journal of nanomedicine, 2017. 12: p. 2957.
**e, Y., et al., Phytonanomaterials as therapeutic agents and drug delivery carriers. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2021. 176: p. 113868.
**ao, J., Phytochemicals in food and nutrition. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2016. 56(sup1): p. S1–S3.
McClements, D.J., Advances in nanoparticle and microparticle delivery systems for increasing the dispersibility, stability, and bioactivity of phytochemicals. Biotechnology advances, 2020. 38: p. 107287.
Boon, C.S., et al., Factors influencing the chemical stability of carotenoids in foods. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 2010. 50(6): p. 515–532.
Elegbede, J.L., et al., Interactions Between Flavonoid‐Rich Extracts and Sodium Caseinate Modulate Protein Functionality and Flavonoid Bioaccessibility in Model Food Systems. Journal of food science, 2018. 83(5): p. 1229–1236.
Akbarzadeh, A., et al., Liposome: classification, preparation, and applications. Nanoscale research letters, 2013. 8(1): p. 1–9.
Gugleva, V., et al., Dermal Drug Delivery of Phytochemicals with Phenolic Structure via Lipid-Based Nanotechnologies. Pharmaceuticals, 2021. 14(9): p. 837.
Narayanan, N.K., et al., Liposome encapsulation of curcumin and resveratrol in combination reduces prostate cancer incidence in PTEN knockout mice. Int J Cancer, 2009. 125(1): p. 1–8.
Huang, M., et al., Liposome co-encapsulation as a strategy for the delivery of curcumin and resveratrol. Food Funct, 2019. 10(10): p. 6447–6458.
Malekar, S.A., et al., The localization of phenolic compounds in liposomal bilayers and their effects on surface characteristics and colloidal stability. AAPS PharmSciTech, 2016. 17(6): p. 1468–1476.
Singh, M., et al., Delivery of phytochemicals by liposome cargos: recent progress, challenges and opportunities. Journal of Microencapsulation, 2019. 36(3): p. 215–235.
Tian, J., et al., A wogonin-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid-modified liposome for hepatic targeting with anti-tumor effects. Drug Deliv, 2014. 21(7): p. 553–9.
Rajera, R., et al., Niosomes: a controlled and novel drug delivery system. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2011. 34(7): p. 945–953.
Junyaprasert, V.B., et al., Physicochemical properties and skin permeation of Span 60/Tween 60 niosomes of ellagic acid. International journal of pharmaceutics, 2012. 423(2): p. 303–311.
Raafat, K.M. and S.A. El-Zahaby, Niosomes of active Fumaria officinalis phytochemicals: antidiabetic, antineuropathic, anti-inflammatory, and possible mechanisms of action. Chinese Medicine, 2020. 15(1): p. 40.
Binesh, A., S.N. Devaraj, and D. Halagowder, Atherogenic diet induced lipid accumulation induced NFκB level in heart, liver and brain of Wistar rat and diosgenin as an anti-inflammatory agent. Life sciences, 2018. 196: p. 28–37.
Hajizadeh, M.R., et al., Diosgenin-loaded niosome as an effective phytochemical nanocarrier: physicochemical characterization, loading efficiency, and cytotoxicity assay. Daru, 2019. 27(1): p. 329–339.
Rajput, S., et al., Molecular targeting of Akt by thymoquinone promotes G1 arrest through translation inhibition of cyclin D1 and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Life sciences, 2013. 93(21): p. 783–790.
Barani, M., et al., Evaluation of Carum-loaded Niosomes on Breast Cancer Cells:Physicochemical Properties, In Vitro Cytotoxicity, Flow Cytometric, DNA Fragmentation and Cell Migration Assay. Scientific Reports, 2019. 9(1): p. 7139.
Semalty, A., et al., Supramolecular phospholipids–polyphenolics interactions: The PHYTOSOME® strategy to improve the bioavailability of phytochemicals. Fitoterapia, 2010. 81(5): p. 306–314.
Raeiszadeh, M., et al., Phytoniosome: a Novel Drug Delivery for Myrtle Extract. Iran J Pharm Res, 2018. 17(3): p. 804–817.
Shukla, A., V. Mishra, and P. Kesharwani, Bilosomes in the context of oral immunization: development, challenges and opportunities. Drug discovery today, 2016. 21(6): p. 888–899.
Matloub, A.A., et al., Exploiting bilosomes for delivering bioactive polysaccharide isolated from Enteromorpha intestinalis for hacking hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018. 44(4): p. 523–534.
Tammina, S.K., et al., High photoluminescent nitrogen and zinc doped carbon dots for sensing Fe3+ ions and temperature. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2019. 222: p. 117141.
Gordillo-Galeano, A. and C.E. Mora-Huertas, Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers: A review emphasizing on particle structure and drug release. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2018. 133: p. 285–308.
Ramesh, N. and A.K.A. Mandal, Pharmacokinetic, toxicokinetic, and bioavailability studies of epigallocatechin-3-gallate loaded solid lipid nanoparticle in rat model. Drug development and industrial pharmacy, 2019.
Naseri, N., H. Valizadeh, and P. Zakeri-Milani, Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers: structure, preparation and application. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin, 2015. 5(3): p. 305.
Radhakrishnan, R., et al., Encapsulation of biophenolic phytochemical EGCG within lipid nanoparticles enhances its stability and cytotoxicity against cancer. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids, 2016. 198: p. 51–60.
Tsai, T.-H., et al., Clove extract and eugenol suppress inflammatory responses elicited by Propionibacterium acnes in vitro and in vivo. Food and Agricultural Immunology, 2017. 28(5): p. 916–931.
Garg, A. and S. Singh, Targeting of eugenol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles to the epidermal layer of human skin. Nanomedicine, 2014. 9(8): p. 1223–1238.
Shrotriya, S., et al., Skin targeting of curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles-engrossed topical gel for the treatment of pigmentation and irritant contact dermatitis. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018. 46(7): p. 1471–1482.
Ji, S.-r., et al., Carbon nanotubes in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Reviews on Cancer, 2010. 1806(1): p. 29–35.
Kim, B., et al., Recent Advances in Nanotechnology with Nano-Phytochemicals: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications in Cancer Progression. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021. 22(7): p. 3571.
Li, H., et al., Formulation of curcumin delivery with functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes: characteristics and anticancer effects in vitro. Drug Delivery, 2014. 21(5): p. 379–387.
Kam, N.W.S., Z. Liu, and H. Dai, Carbon nanotubes as intracellular transporters for proteins and DNA: an investigation of the uptake mechanism and pathway. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2006. 45(4): p. 577–581.
Li, H., et al., Enhancement of curcumin antitumor efficacy and further photothermal ablation of tumor growth by single-walled carbon nanotubes delivery system in vivo. Drug Deliv, 2019. 26(1): p. 1017–1026.
Yanagi, K., Y. Miyata, and H. Kataura, Highly Stabilized β-Carotene in Carbon Nanotubes. Advanced Materials, 2006. 18(4): p. 437–441.
Yallappa, S., et al., Phytochemically Functionalized Cu and Ag Nanoparticles Embedded in MWCNTs for Enhanced Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties. Nano-Micro Letters, 2016. 8(2): p. 120–130.
Kumar, M., et al., N-desmethyl tamoxifen and quercetin-loaded multiwalled CNTs: A synergistic approach to overcome MDR in cancer cells. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2018. 89: p. 274–282.
Huang, D. and D. Wu, Biodegradable dendrimers for drug delivery. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2018. 90: p. 713–727.
Tripathy, S. and M.K. Das, Dendrimers and their applications as novel drug delivery carriers. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2013. 3(9): p. 142–149.
Kurtoglu, Y.E., et al., Drug release characteristics of PAMAM dendrimer–drug conjugates with different linkers. International journal of pharmaceutics, 2010. 384(1–2): p. 189–194.
Zhu, S., et al., Partly PEGylated polyamidoamine dendrimer for tumor-selective targeting of doxorubicin: the effects of PEGylation degree and drug conjugation style. Biomaterials, 2010. 31(6): p. 1360–1371.
Madaan, K., V. Lather, and D. Pandita, Evaluation of polyamidoamine dendrimers as potential carriers for quercetin, a versatile flavonoid. Drug Delivery, 2016. 23(1): p. 254–262.
Yousefi, M., A. Narmani, and S.M. Jafari, Dendrimers as efficient nanocarriers for the protection and delivery of bioactive phytochemicals. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2020. 278: p. 102125.
Wang, L., et al., Encapsulation of curcumin within poly (amidoamine) dendrimers for delivery to cancer cells. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 2013. 24: p. 2137–2144.
Chauhan, A.S., Dendrimer nanotechnology for enhanced formulation and controlled delivery of resveratrol. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2015. 1348(1): p. 134–140.
Wang, Q., et al., Effect of the structure of gallic acid and its derivatives on their interaction with plant ferritin. Food chemistry, 2016. 213: p. 260–267.
Abdou, E.M. and M.M. Masoud, Gallic acid–PAMAM and gallic acid–phospholipid conjugates, physicochemical characterization and in vivo evaluation. Pharmaceutical development and technology, 2018. 23(1): p. 55–66.
Cruz, L., et al., Impact of a water‐soluble gallic acid‐based dendrimer on the color‐stabilizing mechanisms of anthocyanins. Chemistry–A European Journal, 2019. 25(50): p. 11696–11706.
Gupta, L., et al., Dendrimer encapsulated and conjugated delivery of berberine: A novel approach mitigating toxicity and improving in vivo pharmacokinetics. International journal of pharmaceutics, 2017. 528(1–2): p. 88–99.
Chen, W., et al., Bioavailability study of berberine and the enhancing effects of TPGS on intestinal absorption in rats. Aaps Pharmscitech, 2011. 12: p. 705–711.
Laskar, P., et al., Camptothecin-based dendrimersomes for gene delivery and redox-responsive drug delivery to cancer cells. Nanoscale, 2019. 11(42): p. 20058–20071.
Narmani, A., et al., Folic acid functionalized nanoparticles as pharmaceutical carriers in drug delivery systems. Drug development research, 2019. 80(4): p. 404–424.
Mishra, V., U. Gupta, and N. Jain, Influence of different generations of poly (propylene imine) dendrimers on human erythrocytes. Die Pharmazie-An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2010. 65(12): p. 891–895.
Kesharwani, P., R.K. Tekade, and N.K. Jain, Generation dependent safety and efficacy of folic acid conjugated dendrimer based anticancer drug formulations. Pharmaceutical research, 2015. 32: p. 1438–1450.
Shao, N., et al., Comparison of generation 3 polyamidoamine dendrimer and generation 4 polypropylenimine dendrimer on drug loading, complex structure, release behavior, and cytotoxicity. International journal of nanomedicine, 2011: p. 3361–3372.
Matea, C.T., et al., Quantum dots in imaging, drug delivery and sensor applications. International journal of nanomedicine, 2017. 12: p. 5421.
Kumari, A., S.K. Khare, and J. Kundu, Adverse effect of CdTe quantum dots on the cell membrane of Bacillus subtilis: Insight from microscopy. Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects, 2017. 12: p. 19–26.
Zhang, Y., Allyl isothiocyanate as a cancer chemopreventive phytochemical. Molecular nutrition & food research, 2010. 54(1): p. 127–135.
Liu, P., et al., Anti-cancer activities of allyl isothiocyanate and its conjugated silicon quantum dots. Scientific Reports, 2018. 8(1): p. 1084.
Wang, Q., et al., Co-encapsulation of biodegradable nanoparticles with silicon quantum dots and quercetin for monitored delivery. Adv Healthc Mater, 2013. 2(3): p. 459–66.
Kaul, T.N., E. Middleton Jr., and P.L. Ogra, Antiviral effect of flavonoids on human viruses. Journal of Medical Virology, 1985. 15(1): p. 71–79.
Jeyadevi, R., et al., Enhancement of anti arthritic effect of quercetin using thioglycolic acid-capped cadmium telluride quantum dots as nanocarrier in adjuvant induced arthritic Wistar rats. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2013. 112: p. 255–263.
Ghanbari, N., et al., Tryptophan-functionalized graphene quantum dots with enhanced curcumin loading capacity and pH-sensitive release. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2021. 61: p. 102137.
Pinilla-Peñalver, E., et al., Graphene quantum dots an efficient nanomaterial for enhancing the photostability of trans-resveratrol in food samples. Food Chemistry, 2022. 386: p. 132766.
Banik, B.L., P. Fattahi, and J.L. Brown, Polymeric nanoparticles: the future of nanomedicine. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology, 2016. 8(2): p. 271–299.
Nigam, K., et al., Nose-to-brain delivery of lamotrigine-loaded PLGA nanoparticles. Drug delivery and translational research, 2019. 9: p. 879–890.
Bitencourt, P.E.R., et al., A new biodegradable polymeric nanoparticle formulation containing Syzygium cumini: Phytochemical profile, antioxidant and antifungal activity and in vivo toxicity. Industrial Crops and Products, 2016. 83: p. 400–407.
Prabhu, D., et al., Biologically synthesized green silver nanoparticles from leaf extract of Vitex negundo L. induce growth-inhibitory effect on human colon cancer cell line HCT15. Process Biochemistry, 2013. 48(2): p. 317–324.
Tabatabaei Mirakabad, F.S., et al., A Comparison between the cytotoxic effects of pure curcumin and curcumin-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles on the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2016. 44(1): p. 423–430.
Jung, K.-H., et al., Resveratrol-loaded polymeric nanoparticles suppress glucose metabolism and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2015. 478(1): p. 251–257.
Umerska, A., et al., Polymeric Nanoparticles for Increasing Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin. Antioxidants (Basel), 2018. 7(4).
Udompornmongkol, P. and B.-H. Chiang, Curcumin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for enhanced anti-colorectal cancer applications. Journal of Biomaterials Applications, 2015. 30(5): p. 537–546.
Oyeyemi, O., et al., Curcumin-Artesunate Based Polymeric Nanoparticle; Antiplasmodial and Toxicological Evaluation in Murine Model. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2018. 9.
Debnath, K., N.R. Jana, and N.R. Jana, Quercetin Encapsulated Polymer Nanoparticle for Inhibiting Intracellular Polyglutamine Aggregation. ACS Applied Bio Materials, 2019. 2(12): p. 5298–5305.
Sunoqrot, S. and L. Abujamous, pH-sensitive polymeric nanoparticles of quercetin as a potential colon cancer-targeted nanomedicine. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2019. 52: p. 670–676.
Kuppusamy, P., et al., Biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plant derivatives and their new avenues in pharmacological applications–An updated report. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 2016. 24(4): p. 473–484.
Ahmed, S., et al., A review on plants extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications: a green expertise. Journal of advanced research, 2016. 7(1): p. 17–28.
Koduru, J.R., et al., Phytochemical-assisted synthetic approaches for silver nanoparticles antimicrobial applications: A review. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2018. 256: p. 326–339.
Giordani, B., et al., Utilizing Liposomal Quercetin and Gallic Acid in Localized Treatment of Vaginal Candida Infections. Pharmaceutics, 2020. 12(1): p. 9.
Almeida, T.C., et al., Polymeric micelles containing resveratrol: development, characterization, cytotoxicity on tumor cells and antimicrobial activity. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020. 56.
Narayanan, S., et al., Sequential release of epigallocatechin gallate and paclitaxel from PLGA-casein core/shell nanoparticles sensitizes drug-resistant breast cancer cells. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 2015. 11(6): p. 1399–1406.
Abderrezak, A., et al., Dendrimers bind antioxidant polyphenols and cisplatin drug. PloS one, 2012. 7(3): p. e33102.
Ahmad, M., et al., Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using Polygonatum geminiflorum efficiently control fusarium wilt disease of tomato. Front Bioeng Biotechnol, 2022. 10: p. 988607.
Alghamdi, M.D., et al., ZnO Nanocomposites of Juniperus procera and Dodonaea viscosa Extracts as Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Agents. Nanomaterials, 2022. 12(4): p. 664.
Dube, A., J.A. Nicolazzo, and I. Larson, Chitosan nanoparticles enhance the intestinal absorption of the green tea catechins (+)-catechin and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2010. 41(2): p. 219–225.
Cui, D., et al., Synthesis, characterization and antitumor properties of selenium nanoparticles coupling with ferulic acid. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2018. 90: p. 104–112.
He, M., et al., Folate-decorated arginine-based poly(ester urea urethane) nanoparticles as carriers for gambogic acid and effect on cancer cells. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2017. 105(2): p. 475–490.
Govindaraju, S., et al., Kaempferol conjugated gold nanoclusters enabled efficient for anticancer therapeutics to A549 lung cancer cells. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2019. 14: p. 5147–5157.
Huang, R.-F.S., et al., Inhibition of colon cancer cell growth by nanoemulsion carrying gold nanoparticles and lycopene. International journal of nanomedicine, 2015. 10: p. 2823.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Singh, R., Kumar, S. (2023). Nanocarriers as a Novel Approach for Phytochemical Delivery in Food. In: Nanotechnology Advancement in Agro-Food Industry. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5045-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5045-4_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-99-5044-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-99-5045-4
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)