Optimization of Process Parameter of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis by the Leaf of Paederia foetida Using Green Technology

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles are synthesized using the method that is facile, low cost and eco-friendly green technology by the aqueous leaf extract of raw Paederia foetida in a sealed Teflon container (18 mL capacity). The process operating parameters are then studied using a Response Surface Methodology wherein silver nitrate concentration, temperature and rotational speed are considered as factors, each of all the three factors are studied at three different levels viz. high, medium and low—1:9, 1:7 and 1:5 for silver nitrate concentration; 50 °C, 40 °C, 30 °C for temperature and 160 rpm, 140 rpm and 120 rpm for rotational speed. The total volume of the solution is maintained at 10 mL and incubated for 120 h. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak centered at a wavelength of 430 nm for colloidal silver nanoparticles was considered as a response. The optimum values of process parameters for silver nanoparticles synthesis are determined (1:5, 50 °C, 140 rpm). The green synthesized silver nanoparticles are found to be very stable and not precipitated even after 1 year of storage. The model predicted the optimum AgNPs yield value of 2.0924 at optimal value of process parameters (1:5 AgNO₃ conc., 50 °C and 142.52 rpm). The experiment conducted with the same optimum conditions and 1.993 AgNPs yield value with 4.98% error is obtained.