Abstract
Given the breadth of the scholarship in the various disciplines implicated in this study, this chapter addresses (a) the multimodality of disaster communication and how access to information becomes a privilege and (b) the various conceptualisations of community and engagement that I believe can be considered the information access point of marginalised sectors of society.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
As noted in the Glossary, the words village and barangay are used interchangeably throughout the document.
- 2.
Source: Anecdotal statements made during informal conversations with government officials while seeking approval to conduct my study in their area.
References
Abdeen, F. N., Fernando, T., Kulatunga, U., Hettige, S., & Ranasinghe, K. D. A. (2022). Challenges in multi-agency collaboration in disaster management: a Sri Lankan perspective. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 62, 1–12.
Adger, W. N. (2006). Vulnerability. Global Environmental Change, 16(3), 268–281.
Akama, Y., Cooper, V., & Mees, B. (2016). Beyond transmission: an analysis of communication frameworks in Australian bushfire preparedness. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, 7(1), 49–62.
Aldrich, D. P., & Meyer, M. A. (2015). Social capital and community resilience. American Behavioral Scientist, 59(2), 254–269.
Andres, T. Q. (1988). Community development: A manual. New Day Publishers.
Arreza, C. M., & Sumaylo, D. J. (2015). Localization of IEC materials of carrascal LDRRMO through disaster management training. In International conference on communication/culture and the sustainable development goals (CCSDG). Challenges for a new generation. Chiang Mai.
Australian Emergency Management Institute. (2013). National strategy for disaster resilience: Community engagement framework (handbook 6). Australian Emergency Management Institute. Viewed November 1, 2021, from https://d2kpbjo3hey01t.cloudfront.net/uploads/2018/10/National-Strategy-for-Disaster-Resilience-Community-Engagement-Framework....pdf
Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Kniveton, D., Cannon, T., van der Geest, K., Ahmed, I., Derrington, E. M., Florano, E., & Opondo, D. O. (2019). I will not go, I cannot go: Cultural and social limitations of disaster preparedness in Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Disasters, 43(4), 752–770.
Basolo, V., Steinberg, L. J., & Gant, S. (2017). Hurricane threat in Florida: Examining household perceptions, beliefs, and actions. Environmental Hazards, 16(3), 253–275.
Baybay, C. S., & Hindmarsh, R. (2019). Resilience in the Philippines through effective community engagement. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 34(1), 65–70.
Bolin, B., & Kurtz, L. C. (2018). Race, class, ethnicity, and disaster vulnerability. In H. Rodríguez, W. Donner, & J. E. Trainor (Eds.), Handbook of disaster research (2nd ed., pp. 181–203). Springer.
Bowen, F., Newenham-Kahindi, A., & Herremans, I. (2010). When suits meet roots: The antecedents and consequences of community engagement strategy. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(2), 297–318.
Brint, S. (2001). Gemeinschaft revisited: A critique and reconstruction of the community concept. Sociological Theory, 19(1), 1–23.
Burnside-Lawry, J., & Akama, Y. (2013). Communication research needs for building societal disaster resilience. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 28(4), 29–35.
Cannon, T. (1994). Vulnerability analysis and the explanation of “natural” disasters. Disasters, Development and Environment, 1, 13–30.
Carley, K. M., Malik, M., Landwehr, P. M., Pfeffer, J., & Kowalchuck, M. (2016). Crowd sourcing disaster management: The complex nature of Twitter usage in Padang Indonesia. Safety Science, 90, 48–61.
Chandler, D., & Munday, R. (2016). A dictionary of media and communication (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
Chua, A. Y. K. (2007). A tale of two hurricanes: Comparing Katrina and Rita through a knowledge management perspective. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(10), 1518–1528.
Comfort, L. K. (2007). Crisis management in hindsight: Cognition, communication, coordination, and control. Public Administration Review, 67, 189–197.
Cornell, V. J., Cusack, L., & Arbon, P. (2012). Older people and disaster preparedness: A literature review. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 27(3), 49–53.
David, C., Ong, J., & Legara, E. (2016). Tweeting supertyphoon Haiyan: Evolving functions of Twitter during and after a disaster even. PLoS ONE, 11(3), e0150190.
Delanty, G. (2018). Community (3rd ed.). Routledge.
Department of Health. (2018). Geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas. Viewed November 17, 2021, from https://www.doh.gov.ph/node/1153
Dufty, N. (2011). Engagement or education? Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 26(3), 35–39.
Dufty, N. (2016). Twitter turns ten: Its use to date in disaster management. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 31(2), 50.
Follett, M. P. (1919). Community is a process. The Philosophical Review, 28(6), 576–588.
Foster, H. (2013). Interactive hazard preparation strategy efficacy: Considerations for future community engagement programs. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 28(1), 8–14.
French, J., & Raven, B. (1959). The bases of social power. In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Studies in social power (pp. 150–167). Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research.
Gaillard, J. C. (2006). Traditional societies in the face of natural hazards: The 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption and the Aetas of the Philippines. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 24(1), 5–43.
Gaillard, J. C., Liamzon, C., & Villanueva, J. (2007). Natural’ disaster? A retrospect into the causes of the late-2004 typhoon disaster in Eastern Luzon, Philippines. Environmental Hazards, 7(4), 257–270.
Garcia, A. T. (2010). Installing early warning system along the Agos River in the municipalities of Infanta and General Nakar. In L. P. Cruz, E. M. Ferrer, & M. C. Pagaduan (Eds.), Building disaster resilient communities: Stories and lessons from the Philippines (pp. 9–22). College of Social Work and Community Development, University of the Philippines.
Güss, C. D., & Pangan, O. I. (2004). Cultural influences on disaster management: A case study of the Mt Pinatubo eruption. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 22(2), 31–58.
Harrison, S. E., Potter, S. H., Prasanna, R., Doyle, E. E. H., & Johnston, D. (2022). “Sharing is caring”: A socio-technical analysis of the sharing and governing of hydrometeorological hazard, impact, vulnerability, and exposure data in Aotearoa New Zealand. Progress in Disaster Science, 13, 1–13.
Head, B. W. (2007). Community engagement: Participation on whose terms? Australian Journal of Political Science, 42(3), 441–454.
Hillery, G. A. (1955). Definitions of community: Areas of agreement. Rural Sociology, 20(2), 111–123.
Houston, J. B., & Buzzanell, P. M. (2018). Communication and resilience: Concluding thoughts and key issues for future research. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 46(1), 26–27.
Howard, A., Agllias, K., Bevis, M., & Blakemore, T. (2017). “They’ll tell us when to evacuate”: The experiences and expectations of disaster-related communication in vulnerable groups. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 22, 139–146.
Illner, P. (2018). “The locals do it better?”: The strange victory of Occupy Sandy. In R. Bell & R. Ficociello (Eds.), Eco culture: Disaster, narrative, discourse (pp. 49–72). Lexington Books.
Janssen, M., Lee, J., Bharosa, N., & Cresswell, A. (2009). Advances in multi-agency disaster management: Key elements in disaster research. Information Systems Frontiers, 12(1), 1–7.
Jewkes, R., & Murcott, A. (1996). Meanings of community. Social Science & Medicine, 43(4), 555–563.
Johnston, K. A. (2018). Toward a theory of social engagement. In K. A. Johnston & M. Taylor (Eds.), The handbook of communication engagement, John Wiley & Sons (pp. 53–68). Hoboken.
Kirschenbaum, A., Rapaport, C., & Canetti, D. (2017). The impact of information sources on earthquake preparedness. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 21, 99–109.
Kress, G. R. (2010). Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication. Routledge.
Lee, J., Bharosa, N., Yang, J., Janssen, M., & Rao, H. R. (2011). Group value and intention to use: A study of multi-agency disaster management information systems for public safety. Decision Support Systems, 50(2), 404–414.
Li, X., & Feng, J. (2021). Empowerment or disempowerment: Exploring stakeholder engagement in nation branding through a mixed method approach to social network analysis. Public Relations Review, 47(3), 102024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102024.
Li, L. X. (2014). Involvement of social media in disaster management during the Wenchuan and Ya’an earthquakes. Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research, 1(4), 249–267.
Lie, R., & Servaes, J. (2015). Disciplines in the field of communication for development and social change. Communication Theory, 25(2), 244–258. https://doi.org/10.1111/comt.12065
Lindell, M. K., & Perry, R. W. (2004). Communicating environmental risk in multiethnic communities. Sage.
Liu, B. F., Fraustino, J. D., & **, Y. (2016). Social media use during disasters: How information form and source influence intended behavioral responses. Communication Research, 43(5), 626–646.
Liu, B. F., **, Y., & Austin, L. L. (2013). The tendency to tell: Understanding publics’ communicative responses to crisis information form and source. Journal of Public Relations Research, 25(1), 51–67.
Liu, W., Lain, C.-H., & Xu, W. W. (2018). Tweeting about emergency: A semantic network analysis of government organizations’ social media messaging during Hurricane Harvey. Public Relations Review, 44(5), 807–819.
Lovari, A., & Bowen, S. A. (2019). Social media in disaster communication: A case study of strategies, barriers, and ethical implications. Journal of Public Affairs. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.1967
Luke, A., Sanders, B. F., Goodrich, K. A., Feldman, D. L., Boudreau, D., Eguiarte, A., Serrano, K., Reyes, A., Schubert, J. E., AghaKouchak, A., Basolo, V., & Matthew, R. A. (2018). Going beyond the flood insurance rate map: Insights from flood hazard map co-production. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 18(4), 1097–1120.
Madianou, M. (2015). Digital inequality and second-order disasters: Social media in the Typhoon Haiyan recovery. Social Media + Society, 1(2), 1–11.
Madu, C. N., Kuei, C.-H., Madu, I. E., Ozumba, B. C., Nnadi, V. E., Odinkonigbo, U. L., & Ezeasor, I. C. (2018). Introduction to disaster risk reduction and management. In C. N. Madu & C.-H. Kuei (Eds.), Handbook of disaster risk reduction and management (pp. 1–30). World Scientific Publishing Company.
Mansell, R. (2017). Inequality and digitally mediated communication: Divides, contradictions and consequences. Javnost—The Public, 24(2), 146–161.
Manyozo, L. (2012). Media, communication and development. SAGE Publications.
Marlowe, J., Neef, A., Tevaga, C. R., & Tevaga, C. (2018). A new guiding framework for engaging diverse populations in disaster risk reduction: Reach, relevance, receptiveness, and relationships. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 9(4), 507–518.
Martin, S., & Klenke, K. (2016). Content analysis of the writings of Mary Parker Follet. In K. Klenke (Ed.), Qualitative research in the study of leadership (2nd ed., pp. 273–301). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396.
Mefalopulos, P. (2008). Development communication sourcebook: Broadening the boundaries of communication. OKR: Open Knowledge Repository/The World Bank.
Mileti, D. S., & O’Brien, P. W. (1992). Warnings during disaster: Normalizing communicated risk. Social Problems, 39(1), 40–57.
Mishra, S., Mazumdar, S., & Suar, D. (2010). Place attachment and flood preparedness. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(2), 187–197.
NDRRMC (National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council). (2018). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) 2011–2028. Viewed November 17, 2021, from https://ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/1980/National_Disaster_Risk_Reduction_and_Management_Plan.pdf
Onuma, H., Shin, K. J., & Managi, S. (2017). Household preparedness for natural disasters: Impact of disaster experience and implications for future disaster risks in Japan. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 21, 148–158.
Partelow, S. (2020). Social capital and community disaster resilience: Post-earthquake tourism recovery on Gili Trawangan, Indonesia. Sustainability Science, 16, 1–18.
Paton, D., Johnston, D., Rossiter, K., Buergelt, P., Richards, A., & Anderson, S. (2017). Community understanding of tsunami risk and warnings in Australia. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 32(1), 54–59.
Proag, V. (2014). The concept of vulnerability and resilience. Procedia Economics and Finance, 18, 369–376.
Quebral, N. C. (2012). The underside of communication in development. Nordicom Review, 33, 59–64.
Ramalho, J. (2019). Empowerment in the era of resilience-building: Gendered participation in community-based (disaster) risk management in the Philippines. International Development Planning Review, 41(2), 129–148.
Rashman, L., & Hartley, J. (2002). Leading and learning? Knowledge transfer in the Beacon Council Scheme. Public Administration, 80(3), 523–542.
Redshaw, S., Ingham, V., Hicks, J., & Millynn, J. (2017). Emergency preparedness through community sector engagement in the Blue Mountains. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 32(2), 35–40.
Rodríguez, H., Díaz, W., Santos, J. M., & Aguirre, B. E. (2007). Communicating risk and uncertainty: Science, technology, and disasters at the crossroads. In H. Rodríguez, E. L. Quarantelli, & R. R. Dynes (Eds.), Handbook of disaster research (pp. 476–488). Springer.
Rogers, P., Burnside-Lawry, J., Dragisic, J., & Mills, C. (2016). Collaboration and communication: Building a research agenda and way of working towards community disaster resilience. Disaster Prevention and Management, 25(1), 75–90.
Romani, J. H. (1956). The Philippine barrio. The Far Eastern Quarterly, 15(2), 229–237.
Ruin, I., Gaillard, J., & Lutoff, C. (2007). How to get there? Assessing motorists’ flash flood risk perception on daily itineraries. Environmental Hazards, 7(3), 235–244.
Sanchez, K., & Sumaylo, D. J. (2015). IEC strategies on risk management and other precautionary practices of residents in Brgy. Matina Crossing 74-A. In International conference on communication/culture and the sustainable development goals: Challenges for a new generation. Chiang Mai.
Sandoval, V., & Sarmiento, J. P. (2020). A neglected issue: Informal settlements, urban development, and disaster risk reduction in Latin America and the Caribbean. Disaster Prevention and Management, 29(5), 731–745.
Servaes, J., & Lie, R. (2013). Sustainable social change and communication. Communiation Research Trends, 32(4), 5–30.
Shaw, R. (2020). Thirthy years of science, technology, and academia in disaster risk reduction and emerging responsibilities. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 11(4), 414–425.
Shklovski, I., Burke, M., Kiesler, S., & Kraut, R. (2010). Technology adoption and use in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans. American Behavioral Scientist, 53(8), 1228–1246.
Smith, W., & Dowell, J. (2010). A case study of co-ordinative decision-making in disaster management. Ergonomics, 43(8), 1153–1166.
Spialek, M. L., Czlapinski, H. M., & Houston, J. B. (2016). Disaster communication ecology and community resilience perceptions following the 2013 central Illinois tornadoes. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 17, 154–160.
Spialek, M. L., & Houston, J. B. (2018a). The development and initial validation of the Citizen Disaster Communication Assessment. Communication Research, 45(6), 934–955.
Spialek, M. L., & Houston, J. B. (2018b). The influence of citizen disaster communication on perceptions of neighborhood belonging and community resilience. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 47(1), 1–23.
Sujarwoto, S., & Tampubolon, G. (2016). Spatial inequality and the Internet divide in Indonesia 2010–2012. Telecommunications Policy, 40(7), 602–616.
Sumaylo, D. J., & Salas, C. J. (2015). Is Davao City ready for e-Health? In Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on media, communication and culture. Penang. 30 November–2 December, Viewed November 17, 2021, from http://eprints.usm.my/31923/1/Dennis_John_F._Sumaylo,_Christian_Joy_C._Salas.pdf
Sumaylo, D. J., Gomez, A. L., & Abrio, D. F. (2016). Mainstreaming LDRRMC-IEC efforts in Barangay Esperanza, Municipality of Loreto, Province of Dinagat Islands. In CIDS Research Colloquium. Quezon City.
Sumaylo, D. J. (2018). Potentials and pitfalls of crowdsourcing in disaster risk communication: A systematic review. In Proceedings of the 2018 Southeast Asia disaster risk governance academic seminar (pp. 107–123). Bangkok. Viewed November 17, 2021, from https://www.rcrc-resilience-southeastasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Paper14.pdf
Takahashi, B., Tandoc, E. C., & Carmichael, C. (2015). Communicating on Twitter during a disaster: An analysis of tweets during Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 392–398.
Tandoc, E. C., & Takahashi, B. (2017). Log in if you survived: Collective co** on social media in the aftermath of Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines. New Media & Society, 19(11), 1778–1793.
Tang, J. S., & Feng, J. Y. (2018). Residents' disaster preparedness after the Meinong Taiwan earthquake: A test of protection motivation theory. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071434.
Teo, M., Goonetilleke, A., Deilami, K., Ahankoob, A., & Lawie, M. (2019). Engaging residents from different ethnic and language backgrounds in disaster preparedness. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 39, 101245.
Teo, M., Lawie, M., Goonetilleke, A., Ahankoob, A., & Deilami, K. (2018). Engaging vulnerable populations in preparedness and response: A local government context. Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 33(1), 38–47.
Titz, A., Cannon, T., & Krüger, F. (2018). Uncovering “community”: Challenging an elusive concept in development and disaster related work. Societies, 8(3), 71.
Tolentino, A. S. (2007). The challenges of Tsunami disaster response planning and management. 7(1), 147–154.
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. (2020). Resilience, United Nations Office for disaster risk reduction. Viewed January 23, 2018, from https://www.undrr.org/terminology/resilience
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. (2021). Vulnerability definition. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. Viewed March 15, 2021, from https://www.undrr.org/terminology/vulnerability
Vincent, R. C. (2016). The Internet and sustainable development: Communication dissemination and the digital divide. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology, 15(6), 605–637.
Wamil, R. A. (2010). Decentralizing disaster information: Reflections on the BRB2 project. In L. Polotan-dela Cruz, E. Ferrer, & M. Pagaduan (Eds.), Building disaster-resilient communities: Stories and lessons from the Philippines (pp. 33–57). College of Social Work and Community Development and University of the Philippines Diliman.
Warwick-Booth, L. (2019). Social inequality (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Willis, K. (2005). Theories and practices of development. Routledge.
Wong, Y. C., Fung, J. Y. C., Law, C. K., Lam, J. C. Y., & Lee, V. W. P. (2009). Tackling the digital divide. British Journal of Social Work, 39(4), 754–767.
Yi, C. J., & Kuri, M. (2016). The prospect of online communication in the event of a disaster. Journal of Risk Research, 19(7), 951–963.
Zamora, M. D. (1967). Political history, autonomy, and change: The case of the barrio charter. Asian Studies, 5(1), 79–100.
Zheng, C., Zhang, J., Guo, Y., Zhang, Y., & Qian, L. (2019). Disruption and reestablishment of place attachment after large-scale disasters: The role of perceived risk, negative emotions, and co**. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 40, 101273.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sumaylo, D.J. (2023). When Information is Critical and Access Becomes Difficult. In: Engaging Isolated Communities in Disaster Preparation and Communication in the Philippines. Communication, Culture and Change in Asia, vol 11. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4697-6_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4697-6_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-99-4696-9
Online ISBN: 978-981-99-4697-6
eBook Packages: Literature, Cultural and Media StudiesLiterature, Cultural and Media Studies (R0)