Abstract
Noninvasive electrical neurostimulation (also known as transcranial electrical stimulation, TES) is a noninvasive functional brain modulation technique that applies stimulation generated by electrodes. It modulates synaptic plasticity and neuronal excitability by delivering weak electrical currents to the cerebral cortex, thereby improving pathological conditions or clinical symptoms of patients. TES mainly includes transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), transcranial pulsed current stimulation (tPCS), and transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS).
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Xu, C., Wang, C., Chen, R. (2023). Noninvasive Electrical Stimulation Basics and Devices. In: Wang, Y. (eds) Therapeutics of Neural Stimulation for Neurological Disorders. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4538-2_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4538-2_4
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