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Water Quality Assessment Using Water Quality Index (WQI) Under GIS Framework in Brahmani Basin, Odisha

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Innovation in Smart and Sustainable Infrastructure (ISSI 2022)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering ((LNCE,volume 364))

Abstract

River water quality has become more important as a result of the numerous human activities that are contaminating it and the need to assure its safe and reliable use. In light of the fact that water quality has been threatened by human activities, apportionments of potential pollution sources are essential for water pollution control. A thorough investigation on the water quality of the Brahmani River has been done while considering these factors in mind. Twelve sampling sites have provided water samples to be examined. Twenty physicochemical parameters were investigated on yearly basis for a period of four year (2017–2021) by using standard procedures. The water quality index (WQI) was generated using the CCME algorithm, and a geostatistical technique called inverse distance weighting (IDW) was employed to create a forecast map for the region. Information from this research also aims to assist policy makers, to take the right decisions for sustainable agriculture in the study area. Between the observed data and the expected values from the predictor maps in both season, regression prediction was conducted on the three predicted stations, namely Biritola, Nandira D/s, and Kabatabandha. The study's quality database is created using the physicochemical analysis results of various water samples collected at various sites. The pH of the river was just mildly alkaline. In the PRM and POM, the overall CCME WQI grades fell into the fair to good and marginal to fair categories, respectively. Regression prediction values of WQI for all parameters in PRM were given the most acceptable values of determination coefficient (R2 = 0.82) than POM. The current investigation reveals that at stations P-3 (Panposh D/s) and P- 4 (Rourkela D/s), the quality of the local surface water has degraded. It was confirmed that both geogenic events and human activities linked to the origin of TC, TDS, TH, TA, Ca2+, and HCO3–. At these places, it is necessary to first reduce the causes of deterioration to which the surface water is exposed, and the water should be treated before consumption. Therefore, future studies should be conducted in the area to precisely state the quality of water used for drinking and domestic purposes. Hence, this research should also emphasize identifying factors controlling surface water chemistry in the area. Further, measures should be discussed and implemented in managing downstream areas, sewage treatment facilities, and fertilizer and industrial application. 

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Acknowledgements

The author extend their appreciation to the C.V. Raman Global University (CGU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, for providing necessary lab facilities, in order to carry out this innovative research work. Also, the author thanks to the anonymous reviewers and editor for the valuable suggestions in revising the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, C.V. Raman Global University (CGU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752054, India

    Abhijeet Das

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  1. Abhijeet Das
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Abhijeet Das: Investigation, writing and original draft, conceptualization, supervision, funding acquisition, writing, review and editing.

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Correspondence to Abhijeet Das .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

    Dhruvesh Patel

  2. Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea (Republic of)

    Byungmin Kim

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

    Dawei Han

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Das, A. (2024). Water Quality Assessment Using Water Quality Index (WQI) Under GIS Framework in Brahmani Basin, Odisha. In: Patel, D., Kim, B., Han, D. (eds) Innovation in Smart and Sustainable Infrastructure. ISSI 2022. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 364. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3557-4_11

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