Abstract
Energy-exhaustive and highly mechanized technologies are making way for natural approaches toward industrial wastewater treatment. Constructed wetlands (CW) have successfully helped in bringing a revolutionary change in wastewater treatment technology. Its initial “discovery” dates back to the period 1952–1956 when Dr. Kathe Seidel conducted several experiments on the treatment of wastewater from various sources using wetland plants. Since then both subsurface systems and free water surface systems have gained popularity in Asia (especially India), Europe, North America, and Australia. Since the 1990s the information on CW treatment technology spread across the borders resulting in further developments and the origination of hybrid systems initiated by scientists globally. It is a cheap, easy, and reliable technique used for wastewater treatment. While the requirement of a large land area and long duration for wastewater treatment often limit their use. This chapter focuses on the origination of CW treatment technology, its basic components, construction process, operation, and maintenance techniques. Finally, it summarizes its several advantages, limitations, and future prospects.
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Ghosh, A., Orasugh, J.T., Chattopadhyay, D. (2023). Constructed Wetlands: The Traditional System. In: Shah, M.P. (eds) Recent Trends in Constructed Wetlands for Industrial Wastewater Treatment. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2564-3_9
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