Tracer Techniques—a Diagnostic Tool in Seepage Detection of Hydropower Projects

Abstract

Hydropower, an important and widely used renewable source of energy, has the ability to generate electricity without emitting greenhouse gases thereby providing pollution-free electricity to the human being. As a majority of hydroelectric projects are constructed on dams, it is often necessary to assess the health of the structure and take steps towards attaining its safety. Although a large number of causes may lead to failures of dams and hydroelectric plants, weather events like storms and hurricanes that result in natural flooding and landslides are a major concern. In addition to widespread loss of life and property, the consequences of these natural events often result in seepage problems, either during the pre or post construction stages. Hence, locating the source and path of seepage and incorporating suitable remedial measures plays a significant role in assessing the risk and uncertainty in hydropower development and management. During the construction of Ghatghar Hydroelectric Project, Maharashtra, heavy monsoon caused a natural landslide ensuing heavy seepage at many locations in the approach tunnel of the powerhouse. As this could affect in loss of electricity generation, it was important to establish the source of leakage and delineate the path. Accordingly, tracer studies were undertaken to for identifying sources of seepage by establishing interconnection, if any, between the seepage points in the approach tunnel and the intake of reservoir. This paper signifies the utility of “Tracer Techniques” as a diagnostic tool for seepage map** and suggesting suitable remedial measures to mitigate it.