The Sustainability Crisis

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The Path to a Sustainable Civilisation

Abstract

Forces of environmental destruction are driving the Earth System beyond the safe planetary boundaries to such an extent that they are destroying our life support system, the biosphere. Our climate, soils, forests, freshwater, biodiversity and essential minerals are all threatened. Meanwhile, social injustice and inequality are splitting our societies. Rich countries and rich individuals have the greatest responsibility for unleashing these forces. If current trends continue, civilisation is unlikely to outlast the twenty-first century. Although time is of the essence, scenario studies suggest that it may still be possible to transition to a Sustainable Civilisation, without collapsing our current civilisation, but we must act now.

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Notes

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  34. 34.

    Direct emissions are those resulting from people directly using energy by for example, operating electrical appliances, a car or a home heater. Indirect emissions are those embodied in products people buy, imported as well as manufactured locally. In many countries of the Global North, indirect GHG emissions are much greater than direct emissions.

  35. 35.

    Chancel & Piketty, op. cit.

  36. 36.

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    Lenzen et al. (2002), op. cit; Lenzen and Cummins (2013), op. cit.

  39. 39.

    According to the international greenhouse accounting convention, official measurements are limited to emissions within the territory of the country concerned, known as territorial or production-based emissions. However, these emissions do not take account of the emissions embodied in imports. The discussion in Box 2.2 relating household income to GHG emissions requires consumption-based household emissions comprising both direct emissions (e.g. from using electricity, petrol and natural gas) and indirect emissions embodied in imported goods purchased by the household. In general, indirect emissions in Global North countries are greater than direct emissions.

  40. 40.

    Kate Raworth (2018). Doughnut Economics: Seven ways to think like a 21st-century economist. Cornerstone & Chelsea Green, https://www.kateraworth.com/doughnut/

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Correspondence to Mark Diesendorf .

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Diesendorf, M., Taylor, R. (2023). The Sustainability Crisis. In: The Path to a Sustainable Civilisation. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0663-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0663-5_2

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