Abstract
The chapter delves into an innovative approach to improve the security of smart grid systems through signal processing techniques. The chapter begins with an insightful introduction, highlighting the pressing need for robust attack detection mechanisms in the evolving landscape of smart grids. It then unfolds a multi-level attack detection strategy, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive defense framework. Singular Spectral Analysis (SSA) emerges as a key player, and its application in attack detection is thoroughly explored. Further, the focus extends to multivariate SSA for control center-level detection, showcasing extensions in both training and detection phases. The chapter meticulously evaluates the performance of the detection algorithm, with a dedicated section on performance enhancement strategies. The heart of this chapter lies in presenting real-world results of multi-level attack detection, including at the RTU/IED and control center levels. Hypothesis testing-based attack detection, particularly SSA Hoeffding Test, takes the stage, accompanied by adaptive threshold selection techniques. The results of adaptive attack detection are dissected, including performance under load variations, comparisons with existing strategies, and scalability evaluations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Akbarian F, Ramezani A, Hamidi-Beheshti M-T, Haghighat V (2020) Advanced algorithm to detect stealthy cyber attacks on automatic generation control in smart grid. IET Cyber Phys Syst Theory Appl 5(4):351–358
Ameli A, Hooshyar A, Yazdavar AH, El-Saadany EF, Youssef A (2018) Attack detection for load frequency control systems using stochastic unknown input estimators. IEEE Trans Inf Forensics Secur 13(10):2575–2590
Amir D, Ofer Z (2010) Large deviations techniques and applications. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg
Ayad A, Khalaf M, El-Saadany E (2018) Detection of false data injection attacks in automatic generation control systems considering system nonlinearities. In: 2018 IEEE electrical power and energy conference (EPEC). ON, Canada, Toronto, pp 1–6
Bevrani H (2014) Robust power system frequency control. Springer
Bi W, Chen C, Zhang K (2019a) Optimal strategy of attack-defense interaction over load frequency control considering incomplete information. IEEE Access 7:75342–75349
Bi W, Zhang K, Li Y, Yuan K, Wang Y (2019b) Detection scheme against cyber-physical attacks on load frequency control based on dynamic characteristics analysis. IEEE Syst J 13(3):2859–2868
Chen C, Zhang K, Yuan K, Zhu L, Qian M (2018) Novel detection scheme design considering cyber attacks on load frequency control. IEEE Trans Ind Inf 14(5):1932–1941
Darwish I, Igbe O, Saadawi T (2015) Experimental and theoretical modeling of dnp3 attacks in smart grids. In: 2015 36th IEEE Sarnoff symposium. Newark, NJ, USA, pp 155–160
Demetriou P, Asprou M, Quiros-Tortos J, Kyriakides E (2017) Dynamic IEEE test systems for transient analysis. IEEE Syst J 11(4):2108–2117
East S, Butts J, Papa M, Shenoi S (2009) A taxonomy of attacks on the dnp3 protocol. In: Palmer C, Shenoi S (eds) Critical infrastructure protection III. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 67–81
Hossein Hassani RM (2018) Singular spectrum analysis using R. Palgrave Macmillan
Jaksic V, Ogata Y, Pillet C-A, Seiringer R (2012) Quantum hypothesis testing and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Rev Math Phys 24(06):1230002
Khalaf M, Youssef A, El-Saadany E (2019) Joint detection and mitigation of false data injection attacks in agc systems. IEEE Trans Smart Grid 10(5):4985–4995
Klema V, Laub A (1980) The singular value decomposition: its computation and some applications. IEEE Trans Autom Control 25(2):164–176
Li Y, Huang R, Ma L (2021) False data injection attack and defense method on load frequency control. IEEE Internet of Things J 8(4):2910–2919
Malioutov D, Cetin M, Willsky AS (2005) A sparse signal reconstruction perspective for source localization with sensor arrays. IEEE Trans Signal Process 53(8):3010–3022
Mehra R, Peschon J (1971) An innovations approach to fault detection and diagnosis in dynamic systems. Automatica 7(5):637–640
Nagaoka H, Hayashi M (2007) An information-spectrum approach to classical and quantum hypothesis testing for simple hypotheses. IEEE Trans Inf Theory 53(2):534–549
RTE (2021). Eco2mix-electricity consumption in France
von Bünau P, Meinecke FC, Király FC, Müller K-R (2009) Finding stationary subspaces in multivariate time series. Phys Rev Lett 103:214101
Wald A (1945) Sequential tests of statistical hypotheses. Ann Math Stat 16(2):117–186
Wang P, Govindarasu M (2018) Anomaly detection for power system generation control based on hierarchical dbscan. In: 2018 North American power symposium (NAPS), pp 1–5
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sreejith, A., Shanti Swarup, K. (2024). Signal Processing-Based Attack Detection. In: Cyber-Security for Smart Grid Control. Transactions on Computer Systems and Networks. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1302-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1302-8_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-97-1301-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-97-1302-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)