An Automatic Digital Modulation Classifier Using Higher-Order Statistics for Software-Defined Radios

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Congress on Intelligent Systems (CIS 2020)

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 1334))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 557 Accesses

Abstract

Automatic modulation recognition (AMR) plays a vital role in various applications such as software-defined radios (SDRs), cognitive radio (CR) receivers, and surveillance systems. This paper is based on the recognition and classification of digital modulation schemes. The designed system is capable of recognizing nine digital modulation schemes, namely 2FSK, 4FSK, 8FSK, 2PSK, 4PSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, and 256 QAM in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) environment. The system includes two steps: feature extraction and classification. In feature extraction step has used seven higher-order cumulants, namely C40, C42, C44 C51, C53, C62, and C80 as features for statistical analysis of signals. In the classification, the step has used the principal component analysis technique on the feature set for compression of data and for classification of different modulation schemes. The simulation results show that the presented system has 100% classification accuracy at 16 dB SNR.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
EUR 29.95
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 117.69
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 160.49
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Pucker, L.: SDR architecture. SDR Forum, pp. 1–6 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Tribble, A.C.: The software defined radio: fact and fiction. In: 2008 IEEE Radio Wireless Symposium, pp. 5–8 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Mitola, J.M.: Software radios survey, critical evaluation and future directions. IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. 8(4), 25–36 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Godbole, B.B.: Performance improvement by changing modulation methods for software defined radios. 1(6), 72–79 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Barbero, L.G., Thompson, J.S.: Performance of the complex sphere decoder in spatially correlated MIMO channels. Eng. Technol. 1(1), 122–130 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Dubey, H.C., Tiwari, A.K.: Blind modulation classification based on MLP and PNN. In: 2012 Students Conference on Engineering and Systems, IEEE, pp. 1–6 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ibrahim, S.A., Alias, M.Y., Ahmad, N.N.: Performance of adaptive modulation scheme for adaptive minimum symbol error rate beamforming receiver. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 71(2), 873–886 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Xu, J.L., Su, W., Zhou, M.: Software-defined radio equipped with rapid modulation recognition. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 59(4), 1659–1667 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Azzouz, E.E., Nandi, A.K.: New techniques for the baud duration estimation. in 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996), Trieste, Italy, pp. 1–4 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Nandi, A.K., Azzouz, E.E.: Algorithms for automatic modulation recognition of communication signals. IEEE Trans. Commun. 46(4), 431–436 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hu, Y.Q., Juan, L., Tan, X.H.: Digital modulation recognition based on instantaneous information. J. China Univ. Posts Telecommun. 17(3), 52–59, 90 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Green, R.J.J., Joshi, H., Higgins, M.D.D., Leeson, M.S.S.: Recent developments in indoor optical wireless [optical wireless communications]. Eng. Technol. 2(1), 3–10 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Jagannath, J. et al.: Design and evaluation of hierarchical hybrid automatic modulation classifier using software defined radios. In: 2017 IEEE 7th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop Conference, CCWC 2017 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Jurian, M., Lita, I., Visan, D.A., Oprea, S., Cioc, I.B.: LabVIEW application for systems with automatic modulation recognition. In: 2008 31st Int. Spring Semin. Electron. Technol. Reliab. Life-time Predict. ISSE 2008, pp. 639–643 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Abdelmutalab, A., Assaleh, K., El-Tarhuni, M.: Automatic modulation classification based on high order cumulants and hierarchical polynomial classifiers. Phys. Commun. 21, 10–18 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ghodeswar, S., Poonacha, P.G.: Modulation recognition techniques for improving communication efficiency in SDR networks (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Reddy, K.P.K., Yeleswarapu, Y.: Performance evaluation of cumulant feature based automatic modulation classifier on USRP testbed, pp. 393–394 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Li, S.: Automatic modulation classification of MPSK signals using high order cumulants, pp. 6–9 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Marriwala, N., Sahu, O.P., Vohra, A.: 8-QAM software defined radio based approach for channel encoding and decoding using forward error correction. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 72(4), 2957–2969 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Marriwala, N., Sahu, O.P., Vohra, A.: Design of a hybrid reconfigurable software defined radio transceiver based on frequency shift keying using multiple encoding schemes. Egypt. Inform. J. 17(1), 89–98 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Marriwala, N., Sahu, O.P., Vohra, A.: Novel design of a low cost flexible transceiver based on multistate digitally modulated signals using Wi-Fi protocol for software defined radio. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 87(4), 1265–1284 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Davidson, K.L., Goldschneider, J.R., Cazzanti, L., Pitton, J.W.: Featijnc-based modulation classification using circular, pp. 765–771 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Mustafa, H., Doroslova, M.: Digital modulation recognition using support vector machine classifier, pp. 2238–2242 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Duda, R.O., Hart, P.E., Stork, D.G.: Pattern Classification, p. 680. Wiley, New York (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Mobasseri, B.G.: Digital modulation classification using constellation shape. 80, 251–277 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Swami, A., Member, S., Sadler, B.M.: Hierarchical digital modulation classification using cumulants. IEEE Trans. Commun. 48(3), 416–429 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Jagannath, J., Connor, D.O., Polosky, N., Sheaffer, B., Foulke, S.: Design and evaluation of hierarchical hybrid automatic modulation classifier using software defined radios (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Jajoo, G., Kumar, Y., Kumar, S., Adhikari, B., Kumar, A.: Blind signal modulation recognition through clustering analysis of constellation signature. Expert Syst. Appl. 90, 13–22 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Marriwala, N., Ghunsar, M. (2021). An Automatic Digital Modulation Classifier Using Higher-Order Statistics for Software-Defined Radios. In: Sharma, H., Saraswat, M., Yadav, A., Kim, J.H., Bansal, J.C. (eds) Congress on Intelligent Systems. CIS 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1334. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6981-8_44

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation