Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, motile, slightly curved bacteria that produces an enterotoxin, resulting in a potentially fatal acute watery diarrheal disease known as cholera. The bacterium has the potential to cause endemic and pandemic outbreaks. Over the years V. cholerae has established itself as a successful pathogen owing to its ability to acquire genomic islands (GIs) and other mobile genetic elements (MGEs) linked with virulence factors, metabolic functions, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). The combination of whole genome sequencing and traditional phenotypic and molecular fingerprinting methods helped in understanding the genome dynamics and virulence potency of newly evolved V. cholerae strains. This chapter summarizes the overall clinical spectrum, pathogenesis, epidemiology, and basic composition of GIs in V. cholerae. We also included our brief understanding of various tools commonly used to study the dynamics of GIs and their functional potency.
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Acknowledgments
BD is thankful to Dept. of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt. of India for research funding (No. BT/NBM0018/01/17). LN is thankful to the Dept. of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt. of India for the MK Bhan Fellowship.
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Vashist, A., Verma, J., Narendrakumar, L., Das, B. (2023). Molecular Insights into Genomic Islands and Evolution of Vibrio cholerae. In: Mani, I., Singh, V., Alzahrani, K.J., Chu, DT. (eds) Microbial Genomic Islands in Adaptation and Pathogenicity. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9342-8_14
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