Abstract
I was born in Dongguan, Guangdong Province in 1943. When I was about 3 years old, my mother took me to Hong Kong to be reunited with my father who was a truck driver in Hong Kong. He had gone to Hong Kong about one or two years earlier, probably when the Japanese (surrendered) left.
This oral transcript refers to many documents provided by the narrator, Professor Li Peiliang (including Li Peiliang. 2008. The Role of the Chinese University of Hong Kong in the Reconstruction and Development of Chinese Sociology presented at the International Academic Conference on “30 Years of Great Changes; The Influence of China’s Reform and Opening-up”, held at Fudan University in Shanghai in 2008; Li Peiliang. 1994, Studies on Social Development and Sociology, Hong Kong in Sociological Studies (4); Li Peiliang. 2000, Tied with Sociology for 20 Years. In Li Debin (ed.), China’s Sociology in the Past 20 Years and I, pp. 7–14. Shenyang: Shenyang Press). It was reviewed and revised by Professor Li Peiliang, and I hereby give him my thanks.
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Notes
- 1.
“Tangfang” is a “subdivided flat”, also known as the “a room in the room”, it is a type of rental housing in Hong Kong, common in the tenement houses. Specifically, the landlord or the sub-landlord divides an ordinary residential unit into no less than two smaller separate units and then uses it for sale or rent. Each small room ranges from a few square metres to ten square metres. The tenants are usually grassroots people, new-comers or singles.
- 2.
Deming Middle School was a private Chinese middle school in Hong Kong, founded in 1934, Hu Hanmin and Chen Jitang were its founders, and the actual person in charge was Jiang Maosen. The school was located in Mong Kok, Kowloon, with five departments, including a kindergarten, a lower primary school, a higher primary school, a junior middle school and a senior middle school, which cultivated a large number of talents. In 1986, all five departments of the school were suspended for the difficulties in running private schools in Hong Kong. Datong Middle School was founded by Jiang Maosen with some Deming Middle School teachers in 1953 in Hong Kong, with a branch school in Yajun Old Street, Kowloon, the school was closed in 1993.
- 3.
Chen Jitang (1890–1954), surname: Banan, was from Fangcheng, Guangdong Province. He was a representative of the Cantonese warlords and a first-class general of the Kuomintang. He served as the Central Executive Member of the Chinese Kuomintang and Minister of Agriculture and Forestry of the Ministry of the Republic of China and he ruled in Guangdong for a long time. He took up the fight with the Nan**g Central Government in politics, but made great achievements in economy, culture and municipal construction, and was known as the “King of the South”. After the liberation of Hainan in April 1950, Chen Jitang went to Taiwan to be appointed as a member of the Central Appraisal Committee and a Senior Minister of the “Office of the President”.
- 4.
After 1953, Jiang left Deming Middle School, with Chen Shuhuan, the second son of Chen Jitang, then the managing director of Deming Middle School, as its Principal.
- 5.
Jiang Maosen (1901–1982) was born in Maoming (now Gaozhou), Guangdong Province. In 1924, he was admitted to the Department of Mathematics of Guangdong University (the predecessor of Sun Yat-sen University). In 1926, as an undergraduate he was appointed a civil servant in the military ministry by Chen Jitang. The following year, he was transferred to becoming a secretary of the Kuomintang Party Department in Guangdong Province. He graduated from Sun Yat-sen University in 1929 and in 1936, he moved to Hong Kong assisting Chen Jitang in establishing Deming Middle School as Principal. In 1940, he founded the Deming Middle School branch in the east of Gaozhou City, serving as Chairman. After the fall of Hong Kong in 1941, he moved Hong Kong Deming Middle School to Gaozhou and merged with Gaozhou Branch. After the Japanese surrendered in 1945, he relocated Deming Middle School to Hong Kong still as Principal. In 1953, he founded Datong Middle School in Kowloon and served as its Principal. In 1947, he founded Zhuhai University with Chen Jitang and others. In 1949, Zhuhai University moved to Hong Kong, and due to the restriction of the British government of Hong Kong at that time, it was renamed Zhuhai Academy. In 1961, he was appointed Vice President of Zhuhai Academy, and in 1967 he became the supervisior and President of the Academy. He published The Maoming County Annals and The Guangdong Collection.
- 6.
For a long time, students from Deming Middle School and Datong Middle School were able to be admitted to universities in Taiwan Province to continue their studies. Students from poor families who could not go to Taiwan could transfer to Zhuhai College in the same system to study in a junior college.
- 7.
“The **men Bombardment” was a battle between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in and around Kinmen between 23 August and 5 October 1958. The battle was first initiated by the PLA, and the Kuomintang forces then began to counterattack. In the early days of the battle, the PLA attacked military targets on the island, and later blocked the ship** line to besiege Kinmen. In the early stage of the battle, the Kuomintang army was caught off guard and suffered heavy losses. As the war continued, they gradually recovered their fighting strength, and were escorted by the US Navy to maintain the Kinmen supply line, and even used the 203 mm howitzers of M55 Type to counterattack and paralyse the replenishment units in ** shelling), and gradually reduced its offensive. The mainland maintained the state of “single fight and double stop” until the Chinese mainland and the United States established diplomatic ties in 1979. “The **men Bombardment” was the continuation of the Second Civil War between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and it was also the last great battle between the land, navy and air forces of the two sides so far. Since then, the military conflict between the two sides was confined to the sea and has gradually stopped to this day.
- 8.
See Li Peiliang. 1995. A Brief History of Sociology at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Sociology Studies (3).
- 9.
Sir Fultown was the founding President of the University of Sussex and was the head of the Preparatory Committee at the Chinese University of Hong Kong in the 1960s. For details of Fultown, also see the relevant notes in Kim’s oral account in this book: Follow the Great Transformation of Modern China.
- 10.
For the specific construction steps of the Department of Sociology at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, please see the relevant notes of Professor ** Yaoji’s oral account in this book: Follow the Great Transformation of Modern China.
- 11.
Paul F. Lazarsfeld (1901–1976) was an American sociologist, experimental psychologist, and one of the founders of Modern Communication Science. Born in Austria in 1901, he graduated from Northwestern University. In 1921, he received his Doctorate in applied mathematics from the University of Vienna in 1924. In the following year, he founded the Institute of Applied Sociology in Vienna and served as a lecturer in applied psychology at the University of Vienna. Later, he went to the United States to study psychology and became an American citizen as a Professor of Sociology at Columbia University. His research scope was quite broad, covering the fields of mass communication, election and voter psychology, market research, public opinion polling, unemployment, educational psychology, and mathematical sociology, etc. His most influential achievement in sociology was applied sociology, especially quantitative research methods and techniques. He attached great importance to social investigation methods, paid attention to strict social statistical procedures and operational processes, and emphasised accurate quantitative measurement and qualitative evaluation and analysis. He was the inventor of the adoption of social investigation methods in public opinion polls, and he once presided over the Yili Investigation. His series of applied studies promoted and improved the development and quality of sociological empirical research in the United States and Europe. He was the author of Mathematical Thinking in the Social Science, Voter Choice, Qualitative Analysis, and An Introduction to Applied Sociology and other works.
- 12.
Lu Xueyi. Fei **aotong and the Reconstruction of Chinese Sociology. Guangming Daily, 10 May 2005.
- 13.
For the theme of the eight seminars of the “Modernisation and Chinese Culture”, see the related notes of Professor ** Yaoji’s oral account in this book titled Follow the Great Transformation of Modern China.
- 14.
Prof Fei **aotong once said many times that the reconstruction of Chinese sociology needs “Five Zangs and Six Fus”. “Five Zangs” refers to the six components of discipline construction, namely, society organisation, professional research institutes, sociology departments of universities, books and data centres, and publications; “Six Fus” refers to six basic courses, including Introduction to Sociology, Social Investigation and Research Methods, Social Psychology, Urban and Rural Sociology, Social Anthropology and Foreign Sociologcial Theory.
- 15.
Greater Bay Area of Guangdong, Macau, and Hong Kong refers to the two special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau, and the urban agglomeration composed of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Foshan, Zhongshan, Dongguan, Huizhou, Jiangmen and Zhaoqing of Guangdong Province. It is an important spatial carrier for China to build a world-class urban agglomeration and participate in global competition. It is also the fourth Greater Bay Area in the world after the New York Bay Area, the San Francisco Bay Area and the Tokyo Bay Area of Japan. In 2017, the population of the Greater Bay Area reached 69.5693 million, the gross GDP exceeded 10 trillion yuan, accounting for about 12.17% of the national economy, and the gross scale of GDP ranked 11th in the world, the same as South Korea. It is the most active economic region and important growth pole; among the four Bay Areas its economy ranks second, and its population, land area, port and airport throughput rank first.
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Peiliang, L. (2023). The Reconstruction of Chinese Sociology and the Exchanges Between the Mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong. In: **aohong, Z. (eds) The Reconstruction of Chinese Sociology. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8198-2_2
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