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Cerebral Vasoreactivity

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Biology of Vascular Smooth Muscle

Abstract

Cerebral blood flow is mainly regulated by two mechanisms: cerebral autoregulation and neurovascular coupling (NVC). Cerebral autoregulation maintains a constant blood flow within the physiological range of systemic pressures, which is predominantly operated through myogenic response. The cerebral microcirculation is supplied by parenchymal arterioles, which form a functional unit with the adjacent nerve terminals and astrocytes that encase the arterioles, known as neurovascular unit. Such a morphological arrangement ensures rapid spatial and temporal increases in cerebral blood flow in response to neuronal activation, known as NVC. A broad range of metabolic factors, vascular active agents, and neuronal activities are involved in the processes of autoregulation and NVC through affecting vascular reactivity. Among them, the most prominent ones include O2, CO2, adenosine, nitric oxide, prostaglandins, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, and neuronal regulation.

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  1. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Bei**g, China

    Yuansheng Gao

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  1. Yuansheng Gao
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Gao, Y. (2022). Cerebral Vasoreactivity. In: Biology of Vascular Smooth Muscle. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7122-8_18

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