An Enhanced Approach Based on PCA and ACO Methods for Facial Features Optimization

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Electronic Engineering and Renewable Energy Systems (ICEERE 2022)

Abstract

An automatic system for facial expression analysis consists generally of three main phases: detection, feature extraction and classification. In this study, we focus on the extraction of face characteristics (feature extraction) as well as the optimization of the obtained results. The objective is to reduce the number of facial features by removing noisy and redundant data in order to ensure an acceptable facial recognition accuracy while guaranteeing an optimal selection of distinctive facial information. For this purpose, we suggest a new approach based on the combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and ant colony algorithm (ACO). The study was conducted by exploiting the database of the Olivetti Research Laboratory (ORL).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 299.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jolliffe IT, Cadima J (2016) Principal component analysis: a review and recent developments. Philos Trans Royal Soc A: Math Phys Eng Sci 374(2065):20150202

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Nayar N, Gautam S, Singh P, Mehta G (2021) Ant colony optimization: a review of literature and application in feature selection. In: Inventive computation and information technologies, pp 285–297

    Google Scholar 

  3. Peng H, Ying C, Tan S, Hu B, Sun Z (2018) An improved feature selection algorithm based on ant colony optimization. IEEE Access 6:69203–69209

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Wang M, Wan Y, Ye Z, Lai X (2017) Remote sensing image classification based on the optimal support vector machine and modified binary coded ant colony optimization algorithm. Inf Sci 402:50–68

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Ahmad SR, Bakar AA, Yaakub MR (2019) Ant colony optimization for text feature selection in sentiment analysis. Intell Data Anal 23(1):133–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Aro T, Abikoye O, Oladipo I, Awotunde B (2019) Enhanced Gabor features based facial recognition using ant colony optimization algorithm. J Sustain Technol 10(1)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Gafar MG (2019) Grammatical facial expression recognition basing on a hybrid of fuzzy rough ant colony optimization and nearest neighbor classifier. In: 2019 International conference on innovative trends in computer engineering (ITCE). IEEE, pp 136–141

    Google Scholar 

  8. Omuya EO, Okeyo GO, Kimwele MW (2021) Feature selection for classification using principal component analysis and information gain. Expert Syst Appl 174:114765

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Vinodini R, Karnan M (2022) Face detection and recognition system based on hybrid statistical, machine learning and nature-based computing. Int J Biometrics 14(1):3–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Khoudda C, Smaili EM, Azzouzi S, Charaf MEH (2020) An optimized method for face recognition using PCA and PSO techniques. In: 3rd Edition of the international conference advanced intelligent systems for sustainable development AI2SD’2020

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kanan HR, Faez K, Hosseinzadeh M (2007) Face recognition system using ant colony optimization-based selected features. In: 2007 IEEE symposium on computational intelligence in security and defense applications. IEEE, pp 57–62

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chaimaa Khoudda .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Khoudda, C., Smaili, E.M., Azzouzi, S., Charaf, M.E.H. (2023). An Enhanced Approach Based on PCA and ACO Methods for Facial Features Optimization. In: Bekkay, H., Mellit, A., Gagliano, A., Rabhi, A., Amine Koulali, M. (eds) Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Electronic Engineering and Renewable Energy Systems. ICEERE 2022. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 954. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6223-3_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6223-3_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-6222-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-6223-3

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation