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An Odyssey from High Entropy Alloys to Complex Concentrated Alloys

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New Horizons in Metallurgy, Materials and Manufacturing

Part of the book series: Indian Institute of Metals Series ((IIMS))

Abstract

High entropy alloys are multiprincipal multi-element alloys (MPEAs) that have been discovered serendipitously like most other alloy discoveries in the history of mankind. The advent of high entropy alloys (HEAs) has led to a paradigm shift in the approach of a classical metallurgist or materials scientist to develop materials from the unexplored compositional space that can open avenues to unexplored property spaces. A lot of progress has been made in the last two decades, and the high entropy alloy community has expanded further from the restrictive configurational entropy and composition-based definition to a more subtle definition that captures and cultivates the spirit of HEAs as compositionally complex alloys (CCAs). More so, the medium entropy alloy subsets in many cases have overperformed their HEA counterparts. Thus, complex concentrated alloys including HEAs and MEAs offer scope to explore multidimensional compositional spaces that were unexplored by conventional alloys, offering exciting thermodynamic attributes along with access to multiple strengthening and strain hardening mechanisms with better tunability beyond the process of conventional alloys. The current review presents the journey of the high entropy alloys starting with an accident to the strong theoretical foundations laid by HEA research in the field of solution thermodynamics, physical and mechanical metallurgy opening up avenues for MEA development for actual engineering applications. The woods of the complex concentrated alloys are intriguing and fascinating, dark and deep, with many concepts still unknown, but ‘miles to go before we sleep’. Indeed, there are miles to go for the millennial materials scientists or metallurgists in the domain of these complex, concentrated alloys.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India

    Jitesh Kumar, Saumya R. Jha, N. P. Gurao & Krishanu Biswas

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  1. Jitesh Kumar
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  2. Saumya R. Jha
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  3. N. P. Gurao
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Amber Shrivastava

  2. Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinag, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

    Amit Arora

  3. Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Chandan Srivastava

  4. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India

    Nikhil Dhawan

  5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sudhanshu Shekhar Singh

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Kumar, J., Jha, S.R., Gurao, N.P., Biswas, K. (2023). An Odyssey from High Entropy Alloys to Complex Concentrated Alloys. In: Shrivastava, A., Arora, A., Srivastava, C., Dhawan, N., Shekhar Singh, S. (eds) New Horizons in Metallurgy, Materials and Manufacturing. Indian Institute of Metals Series. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5570-9_10

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