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Agroforestry for Plant Diversity and Livelihood Security in Southwest Asia

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Agroforestry for Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in Asia and Africa

Part of the book series: Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa ((SAFS))

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Abstract

Agroforestry systems deliver livelihood security and multiple ecosystem services to sustain societies and environments. Many multipurpose forest trees with food, timber, medicinal, and industrial values have been introduced in different agroforestry systems in many countries of southwest Asia to sustain livelihood and environmental security. Depending upon the need and environmental conditions of a particular country, the tree species have been identified and selected for growing as agroforestry tree component. The main agroforestry systems distributed in the Southwest Asia region are agrisilvicultural systems, with mainly trees such as chestnut (Castanea sativa), jujube (Ziziphus lotus), date palm (Phoenix dactylifera), and fruiting pine (Pinus pinea); silvopastoral systems, with carob (Ceratonia siliqua) and Euphrates poplar (Populus euphratica) trees; and agrosilvopastoral systems, with tree species of mahlab (Cerasus mahaleb), sumac (Rhus coriaria), laurel (Laurus nobilis), and mangroves. In addition, the systems of entomoforestry with Christ’s thorn jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi) and carob are also prominent. Practices such as wind breaks and shelter belts, riparian forest buffers, alley crop**, and forest farming are also adopted in some countries in Southwest Asia region. In this chapter, the role of these agroforestry systems in livelihood and food security, and the environmental services they provide are discussed, and the future thrust of agroforestry and forest plans development is recommended.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Administration of Natural Resources Research, General Commission Scientific Agricultural Research, Damascus, Syria

    Raed Al-Mohamed, Ahmad Majar & Khaled Fahed

  2. Natural Resource Management, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India

    Jagdish Chander Dagar

  3. Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Gudeta Weldesemayat Sileshi

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  5. Gudeta Weldesemayat Sileshi
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Natural Resource Management, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India

    Jagdish Chander Dagar

  2. Botany Department, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India

    Sharda Rani Gupta

  3. Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Gudeta Weldesemayat Sileshi

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Al-Mohamed, R., Majar, A., Fahed, K., Dagar, J.C., Sileshi, G.W. (2023). Agroforestry for Plant Diversity and Livelihood Security in Southwest Asia. In: Dagar, J.C., Gupta, S.R., Sileshi, G.W. (eds) Agroforestry for Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in Asia and Africa. Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa(). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4602-8_13

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