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Grapes: A Crop with High Nutraceuticals Genetic Diversity

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Compendium of Crop Genome Designing for Nutraceuticals

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Abstract

Grapevine is considered the most important fruit crop cultivated in temperate regions and is acknowledged as a model species for non-climacteric fleshy fruits. From a nutritional perspective, grapes are fruits with a high content of carbohydrates, a good nutritional source of minerals and vitamins, and most importantly, they are one of the richest fruits in polyphenols and other compounds with antioxidant properties. In particular, this chapter focuses on nutraceutical compounds such as phenolic acids, stilbenes, flavonols, flavanols, tannins, anthocyanidins, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, carotenoids, C13-norisoprenoids, and some vitamins. Their chemical structures and biosynthetic pathways are revised, and the content and diversity of these secondary metabolites in genetic resources of the genus Vitis (including Muscadinia and Vitis species, focusing on V. vinifera cultivars) are shown. In addition, QTL and association studies exploring the genetic basis of the biosynthesis of different health-related compounds in V. vinifera grape berries were asserted. Finally, a survey on the peculiarities and limits of traditional breeding compared to the innovative plant breeding techniques (cisgenesis and genome editing) applied to grapevine is provided. We conclude with the potential role of grape miRNA on human health as likely candidates for dietary therapy approaches due to their cross-kingdom abilities and regulation activity of gene expression and cellular processes in humans through dietary intake.

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Author notes

  1. Javier Tello and Loredana Moffa contributed equally with all other contributors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad de la Rioja – Gobierno de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain

    Javier Tello & Yolanda Ferradás

  2. Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA) – Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Conegliano, Italy

    Loredana Moffa, Walter Chitarra & Luca Nerva

  3. Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA) – Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Turi, Italy

    Marica Gasparro & Rosa Anna Milella

  4. Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Torino, Italy

    Walter Chitarra & Luca Nerva

  5. Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy

    Stefania Savoi

  6. Faculty of Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Yolanda Ferradás

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  1. Javier Tello
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  2. Loredana Moffa
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  3. Yolanda Ferradás
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  4. Marica Gasparro
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  5. Walter Chitarra
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  6. Rosa Anna Milella
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  7. Luca Nerva
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  8. Stefania Savoi
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Luca Nerva or Stefania Savoi .

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  1. Intl Climate Resilient Crop Genomics Co, Kolkata, India

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Tello, J. et al. (2023). Grapes: A Crop with High Nutraceuticals Genetic Diversity. In: Kole, C. (eds) Compendium of Crop Genome Designing for Nutraceuticals. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3627-2_37-1

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