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Development and Validation of a Riemann Solver in OpenFOAM for Non-ideal Compressible Fluid Dynamics

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Simulation Tools and Methods for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Radial Inflow Turbine

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Abstract

Recently, there is an increased interest in supercritical CO\(_2\) and organic Rankine cycles (ORC) for their ability to achieve higher thermodynamic efficiency. However, the non-ideal gas thermodynamic in these cycles may affect the flow properties critically, necessitating the research on the area of non-ideal compressible fluid dynamics (NICFD). Thus, there is a necessity for simulation tools that can accurately predict fluid flows with non-ideal fluids thermodynamics. This chapter presents a new approximation Riemann solver in OpenFOAM for NICFD. The new solver uses a real-gas approximate Riemann flux calculator, which is based on look-up tables to determine the real gas properties. This is achieved by the addition of a new thermodynamic library tightly coupled with the OpenFOAM library. The HLLC ALE flux calculator has been modified to operate with the gas properties from the look-up tables. To validate the ability of the solver, three cases are analysed. These cases include a NASA transonic nozzle operating with air, to confirm the ability to correctly simulate the transonic flow phenomena and the shock waves; the VKI 2D cascade operated with MDM gas in a stationary frame to assess the ability to correctly simulate non-ideal gas flows typically to industrial applications; and the dense gas flow (MD\(_{4}\)M) passing a backward ramp to illustrate the ability of the approximate Riemann flux calculator and look-up table mechanism that can work well in the non-ideal region of fluid properties. The result is a new solver, flux calculator, and thermodynamic library integrated into OpenFOAM, which can benefit future engineering applications of computational fluid mechanics of non-ideal gas flow and the OpenFOAM community.

Jianhui Qi*, **liang Xu, Kuihua Han, Ingo J. H. Jahn*. “Development and validation of a Riemann solver in OpenFOAM for Non-ideal Compressible Fluid Dynamics”. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2022 16(1), 116–140.

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  1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, **an, Shandong, China

    Jianhui Qi

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Qi, J. (2022). Development and Validation of a Riemann Solver in OpenFOAM for Non-ideal Compressible Fluid Dynamics. In: Simulation Tools and Methods for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Radial Inflow Turbine. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2860-4_5

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