Abstract
Due to the ethnic, cultural, economic and political diversities of the countries along the Belt and Road, how much we understand these countries determines the depth and breadth of our cooperation with them.
This report was jointly authored by Zhang Hui, associate dean and professor of the School of Economics, Peking University; Tang Yuxuan, a postdoctoral researcher of the School of Economics, Peking University; Yi Tian, a doctoral candidate of the School of Economics, Peking University; and Yan Qiangming, a doctoral candidate of the School of Economics, Peking University.
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Notes
- 1.
The Flying-Geese Paradigm, which was developed by Japanese scholar Akamatsu in 1935, expounds the process of Japan’s great economic success through trade and substitution production after World War II, that is, the process of prosperity and decline of a certain industry in different countries along with international division of labor and industrial relocation, and the process of different industrial structure changes in one of the countries. East Asian countries are the economic development form of the Flying-Geese Paradigm: with Japan as the leading goose, followed by the “Four Asian Tigers”, and the mainland of China and the five Tiger Cub Economies as the ending geese.
- 2.
**** (2003).
- 3.
- 4.
Liu et al. (2008) (11).
- 5.
The data is measured at the constant price in 2005. The per capita income in Chenery et al. (1986) Standard Model is USD1,141–2,822 as the starting point of industrialization, while the per capita income is USD5,645–10,584 as the end point of industrialization. (The data was originally calculated in the USD in 1970, but convert to the USD in 2005 accordingly in this paper. All other USD in the paper are calculated in the USD in 2005). After this point, the economy entered the stage of developed economy (the per capita income standard of developed and underdeveloped countries divided by the World Bank in 2005 was USD10,725, which is slightly different from USD10,584 in this paper and can be ignored).
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**** L (2003) Comparative advantage and trade complementarity between China and other Asian economies. J World Econ (05)
Liu W, Zhang H, Huang Z (2008) An investigation into the height of industrial structure, industrialization process and regional differences in China. Econ Perspect (11)
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Zhang, H., Tang, Y., Yi, T., Yan, Q. (2022). Comparative Analysis of Economy along the Belt and Road. In: Liu, W., Zhang, H. (eds) The Belt and Road: Industrial and Spatial Coordinated Development. Global Economic Synergy of Belt and Road Initiative. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2133-9_1
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